At present, there are several problems associated with China's construction migrant workers (e.g. high mobility, serious aging, lack of professional skills, ineffectively guaranteeing legal rights and interests), severely hindering the sustainable development of the construction industry. Hence, it is imperative to promote the transformation of construction migrant workers into industrial workers. The article, based on existing research literature, regards the development level of construction industry, the employment management of construction enterprises, the policy system environment, human capital of construction migrant workers, the professionalization level and the citizenization level of construction migrant workers as exogenous latent variables, and considers the industrialization level of construction migrant workers as internal latent variable. Then, through questionnaire survey for data collection, the article uses factor analysis and structural equation modeling to explore influential factors and their impact mechanism to the transformation of construction migrant workers. The results show as follows:the professionalization level and the citizenization level of construction migrant workers are direct antecedent variables of the industrialization level; the development level of construction industry has a direct impact on the employment management of construction enterprises, while human capital of construction migrant workers is directly influenced by the employment management and the policy system environment; human capital of construction migrant workers has a positive effect both on the professionalization level and the citizenization level of construction migrant workers, and the policy system environment directly affects the citizenization level of construction migrant workers. Finally, the article puts forward some suggestions from the aspects of the government, the construction industry and the enterprises, to prompt construction migrant workers to become industrial workers.