It is of great theoretical and practical significance to improve the TFP of land utilization for rational and efficient use of land resources and to coordinate the development of economic development, resource allocation and environmental protection of urban agglomerations. The use of DEA-Malmquist index is to measure the dynamic TFP of land utilization of Chinese urban agglomerations from 2003 to 2016. The Tobit regression model is used to study the factors affecting the dynamic changes of TFP of urban agglomeration land utilization. The results show that:from the time dimension, increasing by an annual rate of 0.7% TFP of urban agglomeration land utilization, the TFP growth of urban agglomeration land utilization is based on technical efficiency and technological progress "dual-core drive", the improvement of technical efficiency is mainly related to the improvement of pure technology efficiency, and scale efficiency is the bottlenecks for the improvement of technical efficiency and TFP of land utilization; From the spatial dimension, the TFP of land utilization in Jinzhong, Hachang, the West Coast of the Straits, the Central Plains, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the Beibu Gulf, Chengyu, Qianzhong, Guanzhong Plain and Lanxi agglomerations is decreasing, the TFP of the other urban agglomerations is on the rise, and the TFP of land utilization in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Hubaoeyu, Liaozhongnan, Yangtze River Delta, Shandong Peninsula and the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains has become a "dual-core drive" of technological advancement and technical efficiency; As for the influence factors, GDP per capita and the balance of RMB loans of financial institutions at the end of the year have a positive effect on the TFP of land utilization of Chinese urban agglomerations, the proportion of urban fiscal expenditure to the city's GDP and population density has a negative impediment.