Based on the first and second rural surveys in Wuxi and Baoding, this paper explains the decline of rural management agriculture in Wuxi, and analyzes the reasons for the non-development of management agriculture from three aspects:the income equation of renting farmland and employing workers, the increase of opportunity cost caused by higher industrial and commercial development level, and the competition of small family farms. In our opinion, the local high but not high enough level of industrial and commercial development leads to the difficulty of developing management agriculture. Higher industrial and commercial development level means high operating costs and high opportunity costs for developing management agriculture. Not high enough makes the demand of non-agricultural industries not match with the large number of agricultural surplus labor, which leads to fierce confrontation between small family farms and operating farms. We also believe that China's future agricultural and rural modernization road may still present complexity and particularity, and the role played by small family farms may still not be ignored.