New quality productivity is a new type of productivity that applies new technologies, spawns new industries, opens up new tracks, breeds new values, and reshapes new kinetic energy. Accelerating the formation of new quality productivity is not only an important hand for China to break through the dilemma of low-end embeddedness and low-end locking in the value chain, and realize the upward climb of the global value chain, but also to promote the deepening of the domestic value chain, and to realize the benign interaction of the two value circuits of the global value chain and the domestic value chain. This paper enriches and expands the core meaning and contemporary connotation of the new quality productivity, clarifies and explains the logical mechanism of the new quality productivity to promote the upgrading of global value chain, and explores the realistic path of tapping the new quality productivity to promote the upgrading of global value chain. The study finds that compared with the traditional productivity, the new quality productivity is driven by scientific and technological innovation, and it is dedicated to enhancing China's control over the trade network of the entire global value chain and accelerating the upgrading from the middle and low ends to the high end of the global value chain by laying the groundwork for the strategic emerging industries and the industries of the future. With innovation as the new engine, strategic emerging industries as the main position and future industries as the source, the new quality productivity plays the role of the main force of high-quality talents, and promotes the upgrading of the global value chain through the upgrading of processes, products and chains. The new quality productivity is based on the mutual promotion of domestic and international dual cycles, with the domestic general cycle as the main position and the domestic and foreign dual cycles as the support; focusing on the construction of the domestic value chain and the synergistic enhancement of the global value chain, to improve China's position in the division of labor in the global value chain and to cultivate the competitiveness of the domestic value chain; with the dual driving force of the green productivity and the digital productivity as the new kinetic force, and with the combination of the two sectors of the effective government and the effective market as the focus point, to play the role of the effective market and the leading role of the effective government; and with the talent attraction and training system and the chain leader system as the policy support, to promote the upgrading of global value chains. In the face of the current international background and domestic situation, it is necessary to firmly grasp the general trend of productivity development, establish a set of paths for upgrading the status of the value chain in line with China's national conditions through the formation of new quality productivity, accelerate the shaping of new advantages for future development, and cultivate new kinetic energies to grasp new opportunities. The formation of new quality productivity can change the passive situation of "low-end lock" in China's global value chain and ensure the security and resilience of the industrial chain, and provide Chinese solutions and wisdom for late-developed countries or regions in upgrading their position in the global value chain and realizing the upgrading of the value chain. It is of great theoretical value and practical significance for China to seize the opportunity of global value chain reshaping to enhance its competitive advantage at a deeper level and realize Chinese-style modernization.