The productive forces are the fundamental force for social development and are in constant development and progress. In the new development stage, President Xi Jinping put forward the concept of new quality productivity, which aroused extensive attention and research in the academic circle. Academic circles have carried out research on the connotation and characteristics of new quality productivity, and its relationship with high-quality development, Chinese-style modernization, and common prosperity. The concept of new quality productive forces is an original contribution to Marxist productive forces theory, which has profound connotation and rich ideas. New quality productivity has its productivity starting point. New quality productivity belongs to the category of productive forces, and new quality refers to the qualitative changes arising from the highly developed level of productive forces. New quality productivity is driven by scientific and technological innovation, realizes innovative configuration in elements, and achieves deep transformation and upgrading in industries, and it has the characteristics of high-tech, high efficiency and high quality. The ultimate goal of Chinese-style modernization revolves around improving people's quality of life, with the achievement of common prosperity serving as a pivotal milestone within this ongoing endeavor. The quality of life encompasses both objective and subjective dimensions. Objectively, it refers to the level of economic and social development in a certain society, along with individual economic earnings and the diverse services accessible to them. Subjectively, it refers to the personal perception and satisfaction levels pertaining to these objective factors. To genuinely elevate the quality of life for all, steadfast progress towards common prosperity must be diligently pursued and achieved. There is an inherent logical relationship between the development of new quality productive forces and the realization of common prosperity. New quality productivity can accelerate the growth of social wealth, promote high-quality development, and promote the balance of wealth distribution, so new quality productivity plays an important role in realizing common prosperity. This role is accomplished through some certain practice path, including: deepening institutional reform to break the bottleneck that new quality productive forces empower common prosperity; promoting the self-reliance and self-improvement of high-level science and technology to enhance the driving force of new quality productive forces empowering common prosperity; building a modern industrial system to strengthen the main support of new-quality productive forces empowering common prosperity; advancing opening-up at a high level to foster an external environment in which new quality productive forces empower common prosperity.