In the era of diverse competition and interdependence in globalization, the special importance of constructing external narrative discourse systems is gradually becoming prominent. Constructing a complete and clear external narrative discourse system around the self shaping and other shaping of China's national image, telling the story of China well, making China's voice heard, and overcoming the serious deviation between China's comprehensive national strength and international discourse power are major and severe challenges facing contemporary China. This requires us to comprehensively grasp the problems and difficulties in China's external narrative discourse system. From an external perspective, China has long been subjected to strong containment and suppression by Western hegemonic discourse. From an internal perspective, the construction of China's external narrative discourse system is relatively lagging behind. At the same time, China's external narrative discourse also faces issues such as identity dilemma and discourse wear and tear in the process of interlingual conversion, resulting in China being difficult to articulate in the international political arena. It can be said that building a high-quality and efficient Chinese external narrative discourse system is imperative. Overall, the construction of the external narrative discourse system relies on the selection of events, the condensation of discourse, the setting of issues, and the adherence to commitments. The operation of the system requires coordinating the interactive relationship between the speaker and the receiver, improving the effectiveness of speaking and listening through indirect interaction, and linking the internal logical connections of temporal and spatial narrative, comparative narrative, and methodological narrative. Only by achieving resonance and linkage among the above three can the voice be maximized, achieving both reasoning and presentation. Based on this, the construction of an innovative Chinese external narrative discourse system must be achieved through the use of weak advantages and flexible discourse strategies, the adoption of audience centered perspectives and segmented narratives, the innovation and expression of distinctive discourse, and the audio-visual symbolization of narrative discourse. It is necessary to create new concepts, categories, and expressions that are easy for international audiences to understand and accept. It is not only necessary to have words to say, but also to spread and make people believe, in order to get rid of the dilemma of national voice weakness, better transform China's institutional advantages and development advantages into discourse advantages, form an international discourse power that matches China's comprehensive national strength and international status, and establish its own subject position and credibility in the new situation and diverse world pattern.