习近平法治思想中的宪法理论特质与实践指向
作者:
作者单位:

郑州大学 法学院,河南 郑州 450001

中图分类号:

G911.01

基金项目:

司法部2024年度法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研项目“习近平法治思想中的宪法理论体系研究”(24SFB3003);2024年度国家资助博士后研究人员计划C档资助(GZC20241556)


The characteristics and practical orientation of constitutional theory in Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law
Author:
Affiliation:

School of Law, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450001, P R China

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    摘要:

    在习近平法治思想中,包含一系列关于宪法的重要论述,深刻阐释了中国宪法的核心要义,丰富和发展了中国特色社会主义宪法理论和实践,标志着我们党对宪法的认识和实践达到了一个新的高度。对习近平法治思想中的宪法理论特质与实践指向加以研究分析,既有助于从宪法视角学习和领会习近平法治思想的深刻内涵,也有利于为新时代依宪治国、依宪执政在理论和实践层面的更好开展确立行动指南。“坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一”,在我国政法话语体系中历来居于重要位置,贯穿在习近平总书记关于宪法的系统论述里,是理解中国宪法的政治内涵、人民属性和实践指向的关键线索。其中,坚持党的领导是中国宪法的首要政治内涵。中国宪法由此肩负着重要的政治使命,是巩固和保障党的领导地位,提高党的执政能力和领导水平,确保中国人民在中国共产党的领导下,始终沿着中国特色社会主义道路奋勇前进,以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的根本法治保障。坚持人民当家作主集中彰显中国宪法的人民属性。中国宪法是人民的宪法,宪法的核心内容集中体现了以人民为中心的价值理念,公平正义是宪法实施的崇高追求,人民的根本利益是宪法实施的最终归宿。只有牢牢依靠党领导下的中国人民,宪法才能始终保持生机与活力。宪法全面实施战略布局的实践指向,围绕“坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一”的有效实现展开。坚持党的领导,是宪法全面实施的根本保证;坚持人民当家作主,是宪法全面实施的根基所在;坚持全面依法治国,既是宪法全面实施的必然要求,也为宪法全面实施提供了坚实的法治基础。正是对“党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一”的坚持和实现,确保了宪法全面实施不是空洞的宣示,而是有着具体的实践路径和坚实的实施基础,我国宪法所承载的政治内涵、所保障的人民根本利益,才能够切切实实地落到实处。习近平总书记对宪法的系统阐释,形成了完全不同于西方宪政话语模式的关于中国宪法的科学完备的理论体系和话语体系。这为我们更好地认知和理解中国宪法提供了科学指引,也为中国宪法学的理论研究树立了正确典范。中国宪法学应当根植于中国宪法的历史与实践之中,将研究的视角和重心真正聚焦在中国真实生动的政法实践中,这是认知中国宪法真实,推动中国宪法实施,建立中国宪法学学科体系、学术体系和话语体系的关键。

    Abstract:

    Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law contains a series of important expositions on the constitution, which profoundly explain the core meaning of Chinese constitution, enrich and develop the theory and practice of the socialist constitution with Chinese characteristics, and mark that the Party's understanding and practice of the constitution has reached a new height. To study and analyze the theoretical characteristics and practical orientations of the constitution in Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law will not only help to learn and understand the profound connotation of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law from the perspective of the constitution, but also help to provide guidelines for action in the theory and practice of governing the country according to the constitution in the new era. The organic unity of upholding the leadership of the Party, the people being the masters of the country, and governing the country according to the rule of law has always held an important position in China's political and legal discourse system. It runs through General Secretary Xi Jinping's systematic exposition on the constitution. It is a key clue to understand the political connotation, the people's attribute and practical orientation of Chinese constitution. Among them, upholding the leadership of the Party is the primary political connotation of China's constitution. Chinese constitution thus bears an important political mission. It is the fundamental rule of law guarantee for consolidating and safeguarding the Party's leadership, improving the Party's governing ability and leadership, ensuring that the Chinese people, under the leadership of the CPC, always march forward courageously along the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and comprehensively promote the building of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese path to modernization. The people being the masters of the country highlights the people's attribute of China's constitution. China's constitution is the people's constitution. The core content of the constitution embodies the people-centered value concept. Fairness and justice are the noble pursuit of the implementation of the constitution, and the fundamental interests of the people are the ultimate destination of the implementation of the constitution. Only by firmly relying on the Chinese people under the leadership of the Party can the constitution always maintain vitality and vigor. The practical orientation of the strategic layout of comprehensive implementation of the constitution focuses on the effective realization of the organic unity of upholding the leadership of the Party, the people being the masters of the country, and governing the country according to the rule of law. Upholding the leadership of the Party is the fundamental guarantee for the full implementation of the constitution; The people being the masters of the country is the foundation for the full implementation of the constitution; Governing the country according to the rule of law not only is the inevitable requirement for the full implementation of the constitution, but also provides a solid legal foundation for the full implementation of the constitution. It is the adherence to and realization of the organic unity of upholding the leadership of the Party, the people being the masters of the country, and governing the country according to the rule of law that ensures that the full implementation of the constitution is not an empty declaration, but has a specific practical path and solid implementation foundation. The political connotation carried and the fundamental interests of the people protected by the constitution thus can be effectively implemented. General Secretary Xi Jinping's systematic interpretation of the constitution has formed a scientific and complete theoretical system and discourse system about the Chinese Constitution, which is completely different from the Western constitutional discourse model. This provides scientific guidance for us to better understand China's constitution, and also sets a correct model for the theoretical research of China's constitutional law. China's constitutional law should be rooted in the history and practice of China's constitution. Focusing on China's real and vivid political and legal practice is the key to understand the real situation of China's constitution, promote the implementation of China's constitution, and establish the discipline system, academic system and discourse system of China's constitutional law.

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陈建.习近平法治思想中的宪法理论特质与实践指向[J].重庆大学学报社会科学版,2025,31(2):215-225. DOI:10.11835/j. issn.1008-5831. fx.2022.03.004

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-05-29
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