General Secretary Xi Jinping, based on the strategic overall situation of Chinese-style modernization construction, has put forward a series of new ideas, judgments, and viewpoints on the healthy and high-quality development of the private economy. He has profoundly expounded the basic theoretical issues of the development and growth of the private economy in the new era from the perspectives of ontology, epistemology, methodology, practice, and value theory. These can be summarized as seven adherences, namely: adhering to the comprehensive leadership of the Party over the private economy, adhering to the basic policies and guidelines for the development of the private economy, adhering to the construction of a good development environment for the private economy, adhering to the rule of law for the private economy, adhering to the high-quality development of the private economy, adhering to implementing policies and measures to promote the development of the private economy, and adhering to guiding private entrepreneurs to innovate, strengthen enterprises, and serve the country. The seven adherences constitute a logically rigorous and systematically complete theoretical system from dimensions of political guarantee, institutional framework, basic conditions, legal protection, development orientation, implementation path, and value guidance. General Secretary Xi Jinping's important discourse on the development of the private economy highlights distinctive features such as the strategic comprehensiveness of coordinating the development of the private economy, the profound people-oriented nature of guiding the development of the private economy, the profound timeliness of grasping the development situation of the private economy, the strict rule of law that guarantees the development of the private economy, and the policy effectiveness in solving the problems faced by the private economy. General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important discourse on the development of the private economy represents a major theoretical innovation in Marxist political economy, deepening the understanding of the laws governing the development of China’s private economy in the new era, and providing important theoretical guidance and practical guideline for the development of China’s private economy. In practice, to implement General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important discourse on the development of the private economy, we should accelerate the improvement of the institutional system and build a solid foundation for the development of the private economy; implement systematic support policies and accurately promote the development and growth of the private economy; strengthen the construction of the rule of law and ensure the high-quality development of the private economy in accordance with the law; promote private enterprises to strengthen independent innovation and vigorously develop new quality productive forces; guide private entrepreneurs to enhance their patriotism, improve their ability to innovate and strengthen enterprises, and leverage emerging digital technologies such as DeepSeek to efficiently empower the development of the private economy.