网络舆论监督具有反腐败的独特优势，而其真实性、偶然性、侵权等问题又制约了这种优势的发挥。这些问题都有制度成因，如何进行制度构建是网络舆论监督反腐的关键。这种制度构建有三个维度，从网民层面看，基于有限实名制的自律和基于法律规范的他律同等重要；从网媒层面看，应尽快建立网络舆论监督平台建设机制、网络舆情监测与引导机制、媒体间协作与创新机制；从政府层面看，应着力推进政务信息公开机制、舆情快速反应机制、事件调查督办机制等。

The Internet supervision by public opinion has the unique advantage of anti-corruption,but is subject to truth, contingency and tort. These problems are related to system causes, so constructing relevant system is very important for anti-corruption of Internet supervision by public opinion. From the perspective of users, self-discipline based on limited real-name system and heteronomy based on legal norms are equally important. From the perspective of the media, we should establish platform construction mechanism of Internet supervision by public opinion, monitoring and guiding mechanism of Internet public opinion, media cooperation and innovation mechanism. Looked from the government, we should focus on promoting information disclosure mechanism of the government, rapid reaction mechanism of public opinion, investigation and handling mechanism of the incident.

国家社科基金项目“惩治和预防腐败体系中新闻舆论监督的创新路径研究”（12BDJ040）