New Political Economics emphasizes the idea of political and economic interaction to understand the reality of the economic phenomenon. This paper exploits the perspective of China's cadres governance system to analyze China's rapid economic development phenomenon. Since reform and opening, Chinese cadres governance system operation follows an internal labor market mechanisms, and the formation of a powerful political officials incentives to promote local economic development and officials enthusiasm also led regional economic gap. Under the existing Chinese cadre governance system, cadres configuration optimization can promote coordinated regional development.