Chinese characters education is an important proposition of Chinese social and cultural transition period. As the second language, Chinese characters are the basic elements and the core content of the Chinese culture. Strengthen the essence of Chinese characters education is to enhance the national cultural identity. Identity refers to the process of establishing cognitive attribution and sense of group identity. According to the perspective of cultural identity, Chinese characters education firstly is following the cultural ideas of common Chinese characters, reducing the meaning to the content of daily life through the mass medias to carry on the cultural explanation and teaching of characters in the background of culture systems, then learners can get the sense of we-ness on Chinese characters culture group, establish and strengthen the Chinese cultural identity through the choice, innovation and construction on cultural factors of Chinese characters. The research on the production, maintainance and change of cultural identity of Chinese characters is the important contents of the study of Chinese characters culture and also the means to realize the cultural reflection and practice.