In order to promote the construction and development of specialties and disciplines in Chinese universities, the Research Center for Chinese Science Evaluation evaluated the competitiveness of 471 specialties, 92 disciplines and 12 subject categories in 875 universities in 2014, and the results were analyzed. The paper discovered that the scale and quality of specialties and disciplines were important reflections of the level of universities. Based on accurate positioning and rational objectives, universities should highlight features and superiorities of themselves to construct and develop their specialties and disciplines. Finally, the paper provided comprehensive measures for promoting the development of specialties and disciplines in universities.