中国共有物分割诉讼的特殊程序规则研究
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D925

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国家社会科学基金项目"自贸区纠纷解决机制创新与临时仲裁的制度构建研究"(18CFX083)


Study on the special procedure rules of the action ofpartitioning res communes in China
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    摘要:

    共有物分割诉讼为形成诉讼,但分割判决兼具形成判决与给付判决的性质;其本质为非讼事件而被称作形式上形成之诉,但又具有诉讼化审理的特征。该事件性质上的特殊性必然会引起审理程序规则上的诸多特殊之处。共有物分割诉讼中,若共有人就同一共有物分别起诉分割,前后两诉诉讼标的同一,构成重复起诉。诉不动产合并分割时,可认为其标的及防御方法有牵连之处,诉讼标的不同,法院对于被告的反诉应实质审理。共有人在诉讼程序中达成的诉讼上和解应具有裁判分割的形成力与执行力。分割诉讼中系争共有物价值非属要件事实,不宜适用举证责任分配原则。对于裁判分割方法,亦不应完全排除举证责任之适用余地。通说认为原告对于法院所定分割方法不服时仍可对之提起上诉,即采实质不服说,故所谓原告分割方法的声明对法院全无拘束性这一观点并非绝对。分割共有物诉讼无不利益变更禁止原则的适用。基于共有物分割请求权与分割方法的牵连性,共有人的上诉效力应及于诉讼判决之全部。即使被告仅对一审准予分割及所定分割方法的判决提起上诉,二审法院仍可对协同办理分割登记及交付分得物部分调查裁判。

    Abstract:

    The action of partitioning res communes is action of formation,but the segmentation judgment has the nature of formation judgment and payment judgment. The action has the nature of non-contentious matter,and it is called formal action of formation,but it is characterized by litigious trial. The particularity of the nature of the case will inevitably lead to many special rules in the trial procedure. In the action of partitioning res communes,if the co-owners conduct partitioning registrations on the same res communes,the res litigiosae of the two proceedings are identical,so they constitute repeated suits. In the case of real estates' merge split,it can be considered that the res litigiosae and the defense method are implicated,the res litigiosae is different,so the court should hear for the defendant's counterclaim substantively. When the co-owners reached a settlement in the proceedings,it should have the forming force and enforceability like referee split. The value of the object in contention is not a legislative fact,and the distribution principle of burden of proof should not be applied here. For the judge segmentation method,the application of the burden of proof should not be completely excluded. It is generally accepted that the plaintiff can appeal against the partitioning methods,and it means that the parties may appeal if it is possible for them to obtain a substantially more favorable court decision. Therefore,the view is not absolute that the court is not bound by the declaration of the plaintiff's partitioning method. The principle of adverse alteration prohibition is not applied in the action. Based on the implication of the right of claim for partitioning res communes and partitioning methods,the appeal effect of the co-owners shall extend to the full suit. Even if the defendant appeals only to the judgment of allowing partitioning and partitioning methods of the first-instance judgment,the court of appeal can also investigate and judge the collaborative segmentation registration and delivery of shares.

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陈磊.中国共有物分割诉讼的特殊程序规则研究[J].重庆大学学报社会科学版,2020,26(1):119-130. DOI:10.11835/j. issn.1008-5831. fx.2018.12.006

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  • 最后修改日期:2018-12-10
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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-12-30
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