Incorporating technological innovations, carbon tax rates and other factors into the dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model including the residents, enterprises, and government, the paper studies the impact of environmental protection policies and technological innovation on carbon emission.The simulation analysis shows that technological innovation, R&D investment, proprietary technology investment, and environmental governance investment can effectively reduce carbon emission intensity, and on the whole, it can achieve the win-win goal of economic growth and environmental improvement.The negative impact of the carbon tax rate on total output is particularly obvious.The positive effect of environmental governance investment shocks is more obvious in the later period, and the effect of government pollution expenditure impact is more obvious in the current period.At the same time, it is found that proprietary technology investment will squeeze out R&D investment, and government pollution spending will squeeze out consumer spending.On the whole, the impact of proprietary technology investment on carbon emission and carbon emission intensity fluctuations contributes minimally.The impact of environmental governance investment on carbon emissions and carbon emission intensity fluctuations is relatively large.According to the conclusions, the paper puts forward some policy recommendations such as improving the internal governance and external supervision mechanism of carbon emissions, establishing a coordination management institution, gradually establishing a carbon tax pilot mechanism, and further implementing various national policies and improving the innovation policy system.