Based on 2574 county data, this paper uses spatial econometric analysis to distinguish the spatial distribution characteristics of financial exclusion. The results show that the geographical distribution of financial exclusion has significant positive spatial correlation, it not only has a significant negative impact on the economic development of one county, but also has a significant negative spillover effect on the other counties. The spatial distribution of financial exclusion in the eastern coastal areas is dominated by low-low agglomeration and low-high agglomeration, while the central and western regions are dominated by low-high agglomeration. Among them, the central region has formed a spatial distribution pattern that surrounds the multi economic center with the high financial exclusion zone, while the western region shows a large area of high financial exclusion zone surrounding the single economic center. The intervention of local governments in developed regions has restricted the spatial spillover effect of financial agglomeration and further aggravated the financial exclusion in rural areas. This study not only provides intuitionistic evidence for the accurate implementation of inclusive financial strategy, but also takes typical areas as samples, deeply analyzes the regional distribution characteristics of financial exclusion and its impact on regional economy, and provides policy reference for formulating more targeted countermeasures.