Abstract:The construction of Chinas independent knowledge system is an indispensable means of developing philosophy and social science with Chinese characteristics, and of advancing a Chinese path to modernization. This paper collates and organizes domestic and international literature on knowledge system research in order to elucidate the concept of independent knowledge system. It then presents an analytical framework for such a system, examines the historical development of Chinas independent knowledge system, and provides a summary of the environmental and developmental factors that have shaped this system. With the core topic of constructing Chinas independent knowledge system, an analytical framework is proposed for understanding Chinas independent knowledge system from three dimensions: practice, history and subject. Firstly, the practical dimension emphasizes that knowledge production is rooted in specific social practices. It is therefore evident that the existing Western knowledge system cannot be accepted or discarded in its entirety. Instead, it must be tested in practice to ascertain its suitability for the development needs of Chinese society. Secondly, the historical dimension reveals that the evolution of the knowledge system must be considered within the context of historical and cultural traditions. It is essential to respect these traditions while transforming the system into an independent Chinese knowledge system through the critical assimilation and localization of external knowledge. Thirdly, the subjective dimension considers the independence and distinctiveness of those engaged in the production and application of knowledge within a specific cultural, historical and social context. This should involve exploring localization pathways with Chinese characteristics, while seeking to balance the relationship between globalization and localization. This paper analyses the implications of knowledge system independence from the perspectives of knowledge production, knowledge evaluation and the construction of knowledge system. Furthermore, a model for the evolution of independence in the knowledge system is proposed and a historical account of the development of Chinas independent knowledge system in accordance with this model is offered. Finally, the paper argues that Chinas independent knowledge system is confronted with two significant challenges of globalization and path dependence. The core path for the development of Chinas independent knowledge system is based on local history and practice, breaking path dependence, fostering academic exchanges between China and the West, and accelerating the global dissemination of independent knowledge system.

Abstract:Exploring the intermediate input imports has a profound impact on China’s industrial policy adjustment in the next stage. From a practical point of view, the geographical agglomeration of enterprises has a dual characteristic. To clarify the mechanism by which import geographical agglomeration enhances the export sophistication, the article uses development zones as geographical agglomeration units and determines the park where the enterprise is located by positioning its longitude and latitude. The article mainly explores the evolution path of enterprises and the increase in export sophistication from three different geographical agglomeration modes: import agglomeration of the same products, import agglomeration of related products, and import agglomeration of differentiated products. The results indicate that: 1) In terms of geographical agglomeration mode, the same product import agglomeration only has an effect in the early stages of economic development. The agglomeration of related product imports and differentiated product has positive impact on export sophistication, but the agglomeration of related products can easily form a low-end lock-in. 2) In terms of geographical agglomeration evolution, the same product import agglomeration enhances export sophistication by reducing information search costs and generating regional scale effects in the early stages of enterprise development. However, enterprises in the mature stage need to break free from the constraints of regional homogenization and further enhance export sophistication through related and differentiated product import agglomeration. Otherwise, there are significant differences in the development models of different regions in China. Developed region enterprises mainly rely on differentiated product import agglomeration to enhance export sophistication, while catch-up regions still enhance export sophistication through learning and imitation. 3) In terms of geographical agglomeration mechanism, import agglomeration of the same product mainly enhances export sophistication by reducing the price of import inputs through information transmission mechanisms, while import agglomeration of related and differentiated products enhances export sophistication through promoting import diversification, which also alleviates trade uncertainty shocks. With the steady development of the Chinese economy, the diversity of imports has become a core element of enterprise development. Creating a spatial agglomeration form where upstream and downstream industries rely on each other and have core competitiveness is a breakthrough in the high-quality development of Chinese enterprises. Based on this, the following policy suggestions are proposed: further improve China’s open policy, actively expand imports, and open up a new situation of opening up to the outside world; further improve the inter industry collaboration and innovation system, improve the integrity of the industrial chain and supply chain, and strengthen the support capacity of the industrial chain for domestic systemic circulation; actively break down the administrative barriers between regions, promote the free flow of resources and factors, guide the information exchange between enterprises in different regions, give play to the spillover effects of technology, innovation, management, etc., and lay a good market foundation for improving the technological relevance of industrial spatial agglomeration.

Abstract:The focus of academic and industry research on academic journals is on how to build a scientific evaluation system for academic journals and how to evaluate the role of academic journals in the enhancement of national scientific research strength at the macro level. The micro-function of academic journals themselves in academic evaluation has received little attention. As a matter of fact, from the evaluation of titles and awards of specific scientific research organizations to the construction of the three systems of philosophical and social sciences with Chinese characteristics and the construction of Chinas independent knowledge system, the effect and level of academic journals academic evaluation function is relied on to a large extent. At present, the academic evaluation function of academic journals is the important value of the existence of academic journals, which determines the academic research ecology of the academic community to a certain extent, and then affects the academic status of China in the field of scientific research in the international arena. Based on this, first of all, this paper analyzes the research background and current situation of the academic evaluation function of academic journals, which is divided into initial evaluation and secondary evaluation according to the stage of evaluation of academic achievements, and the focus of academic evaluation should be different according to the different stages of evaluation. In the initial evaluation stage, the evaluation function of academic journals should be embodied in the overall evaluation of academic achievements, and the content of evaluation concerns the innovation of the selected topic, the standardization of the research, and the completeness of the argumentation. In the secondary evaluation stage, the evaluation focus of academic journals on academic achievements should be put on the academic innovativeness and social influence. Secondly, the current situation of academic evaluation dysfunctions of academic journals in China has been sorted out, and it is found that there are a large number of low-quality academic papers, frequent academic misconducts in academic journals, and the topic selection and content of academic papers published or reprinted are the same, etc. Finally, in view of the various dysfunctions, it is proposed that corresponding efforts should be made at three levels, namely, the macroscopic national institutions, the mesoscopic industry associations, and the microscopic academic journals themselves, in order to solve the problems. The innovation of this paper is to analyze the academic evaluation function of academic journals. Only by starting from the root of academic evaluation and controlling the quality of academic results can we fundamentally change the current situation of large quantity but low quality academic papers, thereby changing the atmosphere of Chinas scientific research, and promoting the production of high-quality scientific research results.

Abstract:As a cultural symbol in the process of Chinas modernization, individual can be called the keyword in the transitional era. Small self(Xiaoji小己), a new term Yan Fu used to express the concept of the individual in the modern West, is first found in his translation of The Study of Sociology(Qunxue yiyan《群学肄言》) and is derived from Sima Qians the Records of the Historian(Shiji《史记》). Yan Fus translation strategy is to use Confucianism to explain the West, and the birth of the small self(Xiaoji 小己) reflects his typical group-self view with the characteristic of combining the East and the West, in which he paints a layer of Confucian ethics for the Western neutral concept of individual, and interprets Spencers sociological thought into a kind of group-self view that endorses Confucian value, and pursues a balance between Group and Self. In the context of modern localization, Yan Fu translated individual with traditional vocabulary represented bysmall self(Xiaoji 小己), trying to reconcile the contradiction between the Western concept of individualism and Confucian political ethics and helping Western concepts to complete the transformation in the Chinese context. He has made remarkable contributions to the construction of modern Chinese academic discourse and the mutual appreciation between Chinese and Western civilizations. Under the impact of foreign words, small self(Xiaoji 小己) still has a market, and there are many cases in modern newspapers and periodicals that use small self(Xiaoji 小己) to express the concept of individual. It is also included in the early modern Anglo-Chinese dictionaries. This shows the spread of small self(Xiaoji 小己) in modern times, and its cultural influence can be proved from the perspective of historical acceptance. The names used to translate individual in the late Qing Dynasty presented a complex scene from the very beginning, such as person(人), human(人人), individual(个人), private(私), self (己), small self(小己) and Yaoni(么匿), which naturally competed and coexisted for quite a long period. When reviewing the historical trajectory of individual in the translation of English, and examining the development and evolution of individual discourse in modern Chinese ideological history, we should fully recognize that the translation of small self(Xiaoji 小己) is of great merit and has an irreplaceable cultural value. In this way, we can further consider the local translation of the Western concept of individual in the context of modern China, as well as the construction of Chinese personal discourse and the emergence of the modern concept of the individual in China.

Abstract:Chat GPT, an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot developed by the United States Open Artificial Intelligence Research Center (OpenAI), can understand and respond to natural language input based on the language model of Generate Pre-training Converter (GPT), which was officially released on November 30, 2022, and has caused heated discussion and attention in the global Internet, academia and industry in a short time. The AI chatbots represented by ChatGPT and Microsoft Bing are based on huge amounts of data and trained with reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). They have three main functions: intelligent interactive dialogue, intelligent content generation, and intelligent document crawling.The core competitiveness of the AI chatbot is to adopt the AI generated content technology (AIGC) and have strong content generation or text generation ability. In addition to generating general applied manuscripts, it can also engage in scientific writing, thus leading and promoting the transformation of the mode of knowledge production and academic research paradigm. The process of knowledge production and academic research will be significantly accelerated, and knowledge producers will be liberated from non-creative labor, the mode of knowledge production will move from manual and semi-automatic to automatic and intelligent.This change will have a significant impact on the traditional evaluation mechanism of scientific research achievements, and further will have a significant impact on talent evaluation. In general, the application of AI chatbot represented by ChatGPT in academic research will obscure the evolution of academic history of achievements and affect the innovative evaluation of scientific research achievements, and challenge the intellectual property protection system and affect the ownership of scientific research achievements, and bring academic ethical risks and affect the evaluation ecology of scientific research achievements, and impact the basic standards of talent evaluation and affect the objectivity of talent evaluation. In view of the penetration, diffusion and subversion of AI, first of all, we should face it positively rather than passively in ideological understanding, utilize its strengths and avoid its weaknesses prudently, and exert its positive role in promoting knowledge production and promoting academic progress. Secondly, institution construction should be further improved to set up guardrails for AI chatbot according to the imbalance between the current relevant laws and regulations and the rapid progress of AI technology. Third, AI chatbot technology open source should be promoted to disclose its intelligent generation logic, and enhance the technical credibility of AI chat robots. Fourth, human-computer cooperation mechanism should be established to give play to the advantages of technology in data processing and human rational thinking, and finally let people check the knowledge production, scientific research achievements and talent evaluation.

Abstract:As the basis for the evaluation of scientific research projects, talents, journals, and institutions, academic publication evaluation is an important part of the academic evaluation system and a key step in scientific research management. The current academic publication evaluation model has some disadvantages such as black box of peer review, ambiguous motivation of citation and indirect and one-sided evaluation data, which hinders academic innovation and also runs counter to the current strategy of building an independent knowledge system. The breakthrough development of AI in data, algorithms, and arithmetic power in recent years, especially the increasingly mature application of discriminant and generative models in machine translation, text classification, text summary, dialogue system, etc. has brought a great opportunity for innovation of the traditional academic publication evaluation model and provided a possibility to realize a more scientific, pluralistic, and intelligent academic publication evaluation. From the analysis of the inadequacy of the existing evaluation models and the fit of AI applied to it, the paper proposes a new model of academic publication evaluation, namely Natural Evaluation. Natural Evaluation is an integration of AI and academic publication evaluation, which is both a critical inheritance and a breakthrough of the traditional evaluation models such as peer review, bibliometrics, webometrics, and alternative metrics. Specifically, Natural Evaluation is an evaluation model based on the fully quantified academic trace data naturally generated by the academic community in various scholarly activities, and AI technology is applied to the semantic understanding and automatic analysis of the knowledge content of academic results and academic trace data of the community, to dynamically form evaluation judgments and serve knowledge innovation. The paper discusses the technical logic, value compliance, and prospect of Natural Evaluation driven by AI from the doctrinal level. In terms of technical logic, Natural Evaluation is based on the naturally generated trace data from various scholarly activities, and the algorithm supports the intelligent extraction of semantics in the data and generates evaluation judgments, and enhances the accuracy and efficiency of evaluation through arithmetic power empowerment. In terms of value compliance, Natural Evaluation upholds the value principles of quality first, impartiality, and comprehensiveness, and seeks to break out of the trap of digital discipline, and break the shackles of human favor dominance and one-sided evaluation. In terms of the future outlook, Nature Evaluation presents a picture of responding to the trend of the open science era, optimizing the ecological environment of academic innovation, and promoting the construction of independent knowledge systems. Finally, although the technical logic, value compliance, and prospect of Natural Evaluation have been systematically discussed from the theoretical level, and it can be theoretically proved to present more scientific evaluation results, the specific difficulties of AI technology implementation, academic community evaluation incentive, human-machine relationship coordination, and evaluation empowerment of different subjects are yet to be further researched in the future.

Abstract:The constitution is the fundamental basis of the system of rule of law and the institutional coordinate of the legal system. To build Chinas independent legal knowledge system, it is necessary to scientifically build Chinas independent knowledge system of constitutional jurisprudence first. Today, many profound and complex practical issues have arisen in the field of Chinas national governance, and many theoretical constitutional issues that need to be answered urgently have also been raised, providing strong impetus and broad space for the creation of Chinas constitutional theory and academic prosperity. To accelerate the construction of Chinas independent knowledge system of constitutional jurisprudence, it is necessary to adhere to issue orientation, strengthen historical self-confidence, grasp the historical context, integrate various theoretical resources, boldly absorb and draw on the achievements of human legal civilization, continuously promote theoretical innovation, and continuously develop a constitutional discipline system, academic system, and discourse system that can reflect Chinas position, wisdom, and values.

Abstract:The construction of China’s self-independent knowledge system of legal science is to build a legal knowledge system that covers all disciplines of Chinese legal science and highlights Chinese academic autonomy, originality and practicality. This is the general requirement of China for the research of philosophy and social sciences, and it is also the responsibility and expectation of scholars in the current academic research. As an important part of the legal academic community, no matter the law column of comprehensive journals or professional legal journals, they should contribute to the construction of China’s self-independent knowledge system of legal science. It is the mission of academic journals to compile and publish original, independent and practical legal achievements. The importance of the topic of law paper is self-evident, under the trend and requirement of constructing China’s independent legal knowledge system. To determine the cutting-edge, original and breakthrough topic is the first step for an excellent law paper to write. In the new era, the research requirements of the topic selection of law papers should be changed from the original introduction, comprehensiveness and generality to the independent, original and realistic topic selection, to the prominent problem consciousness and clear research purpose. It not only requires that the research topic should constantly strengthen the issue orientation and form the issue consciousness, but also puts forward new requirements for the grasp of the direction and content of the research issues in the issue consciousness, which is the basic starting point of legal academic research, and an important standard for journals to judge the quality of legal papers. When editors set columns in the journal, they should try their best to guide the legal research achievements to flow into this goal and form research forces. The scientific research method gives legal research a new perspective and topic selection direction, and the pluralism of legal research method promotes the new change of topic selection of legal papers. And the appropriate title design will make the content of the topic of the law paper clear and accurate. When determining the title of an article, two kinds of titles need to be treated with caution: the homogenized title should be strictly selected; academic judgment is required for titles that are self-explanatory and overly decorative. Therefore, how to face the Chinese problem, refine the Chinese problem and solve the Chinese problem are new requirements of the times, and they are also important missions of the law circle and the periodical circle. This requires that the topic selection of legal papers should take these as research direction and basic requirements, and the research methods should be deeply developed. The legal academia and the periodical circle should practice this goal with a high sense of responsibility in academic research.

Abstract:Scientifically presenting the evolution path of China’ s equity incentive research and tracking its research frontier are of great significance in the economic transition process of China. However, there is little literature review on equity incentive research of China, especially the lack of scientific and objective literature induction and summary based on bibliometrics method. So, the present study takes the research literatures on equity incentive in CSSCI database up to 2018 as the research object, and formulates the advanced strategy of document data collection (retrieval type: keywords = equity incentives or keywords = stock options or keywords = restricted stocks), and then designs a four-step data cleaning process based on DEAN. What’s more, this study adopts bibliometrics software CitespaceV and Statistical Analysis Toolkit for Informetrics SATI3.2 to quantitatively describe and visually analyze the text data of the final 981 valid documents focusing on equity incentive in China through quantitative statistics, document co-citation analysis, keyword frequency analysis, keyword cluster analysis and keyword bursts analysis and manual analysis of literature contents. Specially, with the help of quantitative statistics on text data, the overall framework of equity incentive research of China is described, including the core authors (Xu Ning, Xiao Shufang and Lyu Changjiang), the high-production institutions (Fudan University, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Xi’an Jiaotong University and Central University of Finance and Economics, etc.) and high-production journals (Economic Management, Statistics and Decision, Productivity Research and Accounting Research, etc.). Besides, this research reveals evolution path, hotspots and research frontiers of this field in China through bibliometric analysis and manual induction. The results show that the evolution path of equity incentive research of China presented the overall characteristics which originated from the conceptual stage (1998-2002) introducing concepts and modes of equity incentive, via the initial development stage (2003-2009) discussing on equity incentive effect, endogenous problems, etc., finally to the diffusion development stage (2010-2018) analyzing senior management behavior, equity incentive contract elements, motivation and positioning of equity incentive, etc. Incentive targets, state-owned enterprises, operating performance and earnings management are hot research topics; while earnings management, salary incentive, executive incentive, restricted stock and risk sharing may be the current frontier areas.This study demonstrates that the research on equity incentive is an evolving process. In practice, there are three major trends in Chinese equity incentive: restricted stock has become the most important equity incentive model; State-owned enterprises are increasingly becoming the main body of equity incentive; Ordinary employees are becoming an important incentive object of equity incentive. Based on this, this study proposes the research on restricted stock and equity incentive of state-owned enterprises. This study is helpful for scholars to grasp the research context of equity incentive of China from the whole and can promote the theoretical development of equity incentive research.

Abstract:The right to speak in Chinese social science academic journals is an integral part of the right to speak in China’s national image in the new journey of Chinese-style modernization. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the issue of the right to speak has gradually been put on the national agenda, showing an increasingly important position and role. At present, there are some deviations in the practice and research of the discourse power of academic journals, which need to be deepened from the three aspects: communication, guidance and influence.The right to speak in Chinese academic journals of social sciences has its own uniqueness. The first is the ideological orientation on the main body,the second is the characteristics of channels and languages in communication, the third is the characteristics of evaluation and dialogue in influence, and the fourth is the characteristics of problems and plans in guidance. These characteristics determine the characteristics of the right to speak in Chinese social science academic journals, which will mainly focus on domestic internal circulation and supplemented by international external circulation.The current situation of the right to speak in Chinese social science academic journals is that in terms of communication, the communication power of a single journal is weak and the database is the main model. In terms of guidance, the domestic guidance power is strong and the international guidance power is weak. In terms of influence, a large number of Chinese social science academic journals have emerged with high domestic impact factors and low international impact factors. To enhance the right to speak in Chinese social science academic journals, in terms of communication power,the first is to continuously optimize the main channel of database communication, the second is to do a good job in strengthening the social communication of integrated media, and the third is to explore and deepen the communication of clustered communities; In terms of guiding power, one is to guide the direction of academic research through topic setting, the second is to guide the academic research paradigm through normative setting, and the third is to guide the integration of academic research through discourse setting; In terms of influence, from a qualitative point of view, it is evaluation, reading preference and word of mouth, and from a quantitative point of view, it is a series of data-based impact factor indicators.under the strong leadership of the Party, the construction of the right to speak in Chinese social science academic journals should solve Chinese problems with academic achievements of creative transformation and innovative development, answer the questions of the times, highlight the Chinese road, and form an external circulation discourse power of international social science academia that matches China’s comprehensive national strength and international status on the basis of the internal circulation right to speak in Chinese social science academia.