Abstract:A great revolution creates a great spirit. The great founding spirit of the Party runs through the century-old course of the Communist Party of China to actively promote the great social revolution and the great self-revolution, and demonstrates the mainstream nature of the glorious history of the Communist Party of China for a century. From the Red Building of Peking University to the Second National Congress of the Communist Party of China is the initial stage of the Communist Party of China to promote social revolution and self-revolution. While clarifying the goals of social revolution, it also leads social revolution with firm self-revolution, forming a great founding spirit of the Party with historical connotation and distinctive characteristics, which has become the spiritual source of the great revolutionary journey of the Communist Party of China. The Second National Congress of the Communist Party of China is an important historical node for the Party to promote social revolution and self-revolution. Starting from the objective laws of revolution, the Second National Congress actively promotes social revolution to promote self-revolution and injects rich connotations into the great founding spirit of the Party and improves its inner requirements. Therefore, the Second National Congress of the Communist Party of China is not only the starting point for the Party to promote social revolution and insist on self-revolution, but also a key point in the development of the great founding spirit of the Party. A history of the formation of the great founding spirit of the Party is a glorious history of the Communist Party of China leading the people to actively carry out social revolution and strive to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and it is also a history of communists self-revolution, self-improvement, and continuous spiritual growth. The great founding spirit of the Party shines brightly in the great course of the Communist Party of China leading the social revolution through self-revolution, leading the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people to continuously advance towards realizing the second century goal.

Abstract:Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(the CPC), General Secretary Xi Jinping, who has proposed a series of new opinions, new statements and new indications, formulated Xi Jinping’s Important Ideologies on the Self-Reform of the CPC. Xi Jinping’s Important Ideologies on the Self-Reform of the CPC is a rigorous and comprehensive theoretical framework. It defines the connotation of the Party’s self-reform, which contains self-purification, self-improvement, self-renewal and self-enhancement. It intends to make the party maintain the fundamental nature as a Marxist party, maintain the essence of being a public servant who consistently prioritizes the people and maintain a high standard of conduct, thus instructing the reason for the Party’s self-reform. It reveals the basic principles of the Party’s self-reform, including adhering to the unity of ideological construction and institutional governance, the unity of mission orientation and problem orientation, the unity of managing critical minority leaders and managing vast majority members, the unity of exercising power and assuring responsibility, the unity of strict management and sincere caring and trust and the unity of self-supervision and people’s supervision. It elucidates the practical requirements of the Party’s self-reform from the perspectives of organizational support, ideological support, fundamental destination, implementation approach, prioritizing issues, motivation sources and so on. Xi Jinping’s Important Ideologies on the Self-Reform of the CPC is a remarkable and unique theoretical framework. It sets itself apart from unrealistic fantasies and possesses practicality, for it derives from, serves and benefits practice. It answers the major issues raised by the era, utilizes the approach of combining the basic principles of Marxism with the actual situation of China and fine traditional Chinese culture, and summarizes the pattern of party governance in a scientific way. It proposes the concept of the Party’s self-reform, illustrates the essence, the cause, the principle and the requirements of the Party’s self-reform, and incorporates the elements originating from people’s practice, changes in the era and fine traditional Chinese culture, thus promoting the innovation of concept, content and discourse. It inherits the spiritual essence of dialectical materialism and possesses philosophical quality due to its adherence to the principle of the world’s unity in material substance and dialectical movement of contradictions. Xi Jinping’s Important Ideologies on the Self-Reform of the CPC is a meaningful and significant theoretical framework. It offers accurate and comprehensive responses to complex challenges specific to the CPC as a large party, which provides the party with action guidelines of solving problems and remaining strong. It aims to enhance the vitality, explanatory power and persuasiveness of Marxist Theory on Party Construction and then improves its epistemology and methodology system. It focuses on the mechanism of the historical cycle of rise and fall and then finds an approach to escaping the cycle through the combination of Party’s self-reform and people’s supervision. It is able to combine with the conditions of different parties and countries, therefore, it supplies general directs on the comprehension and implementation of self-reform to parties throughout the world.

Abstract:As an important part of Chinas national governance, business environment governance is an important symbol of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, as well as an outstanding performance of Chinese path to modernization in the economic field, highlighting the modernization level of national governance. Therefore, firmly grasping the development direction of business environment, we should adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, take Chinese path to modernization as the goal, and take the achievements and experience of Marxism sinicization as the basis, and transform the institutional advantages of the business environment into national governance effectiveness. Guided by Chinese path to modernization as the direction of business environment governance, and supported by the theories of economic development of major countries, new-new trade theory and Marxist political economy, this paper deeply analyzes the internal mechanism of business environment governance in the perspective of building a new development pattern. That is, the economic theory of major countries starts from modernization with a huge population scale. From the realistic perspective of population size diversity and market diversity, it reveals the importance of building a strong domestic market. The Chinese path to modernization goals of common prosperity, harmony between material civilization and spiritual civilization and harmonious coexistence between man and nature are consistent with the logic of new-new trade theory based on enterprise heterogeneity, exploring enterprise potential, paying attention to enterprise participation and social responsibility, and finally realizing the overall benefits of the industry. Marxist political economy pursues the goal of national economic benign circulation, from the angle of domestic and international dual cycles, interprets the political economy connotation of peaceful development road. Secondly, based on three theoretical bases, this paper analyzes the multi-dimensional dynamic logic of business environment governance to promote economic development from the perspective of new development pattern, namely, the logic of market-oriented allocation of elements based on the theory of major country economic development, the logic of upgrading industrial chain and supply chain based on the new-new trade theory, and the logic of modern circulation system construction based on Marxist political economy. Finally, this paper integrates the multidimensional dynamic logic of business environment governance into the objective orientation and strategic choice of Chinas building of a new development pattern, and puts forward a market-oriented reform path, innovation-driven path and delegating power, improving regulation and upgrading services path of business environment governance from the perspective of building a new development pattern. The three action paths complement each other and work together. Institutional innovation will inject a steady stream of vitality into the economic system of the new development pattern.

Abstract:To avoid the historical cycle of rise and fall of ruling orders apparent through the centuries of imperial dynasties, self-reform is a second answer. It is necessary to have both general abstract analysis and concrete practical verification in order to accurately understand and grasp the Partys self-reform. Following the logical coherence between the general indication of Marxist party and the realistic interpretation of the CPC, it deeply explains the internal feasibility and reality of self-reform. The essential attributes of Marxist party are people oriented, revolutionary and critical. The internal requirements of Marxist party are advanced nature, purity and innovation. Self-reform adheres to the attributes and the requirements among the above. From the perspective of feasibility, the nature, purpose, goal and pursuit of the CPC are the internal basis of self-reform. The historical experience of the CPC proves the feasibility of self-reform from the practical perspective. From the perspective of reality, the basic conditions of the CPC itself have provided unquestionable reality for self-reform. To make self-reform become a reality, there are several necessary conditions which contains an entire system, positive and healthy political culture within the Party, strict organizational system, and a robust leadership core, etc.

Abstract:The aim of this article is to conduct comprehensive comb and study of women’s reports in the JinChaJi Daily before and after the outbreak of the Pacific War. The sample consists of all the women’s reports published on the JinChaJi Daily from 1941 to 1942. Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods, including classifying the number of these reports according to the time of publication and subject matter, combining the results of the data with relevant historical facts, the study also gives a longitudinal comparative analysis of the data results in relation to the relevant historical facts, and a qualitative analysis of the content on selected typical report examples, with a view to clarifying in a more systematic manner to the relationship, characteristics and interaction among the women’s reports in JinChaJi Daily, the Communist Party of China’s anti-Japanese struggle in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border area and the development of the Pacific War during the different stages of the war between 1941 and 1942. On this basis, the newspaper’s coverage of this period, its characteristics, influence, historical and practical significance are further interpreted in the light of a comparative analysis of the relevant theoretical evolution in Marx’s view of women, the Soviet and Russian views of women and the Chinese Communist Party’s view of women represented by Mao Zedong’s thought, as well as the different historical and practical cases from China and Soviet Russia. This paper argues that, around the outbreak of the Pacific War from 1941 to 1942, in order to release more armed forces turn into the Pacific Battlefield, Japan was eager to take complete control China and stepped up the encirclement and suppression to China’s anti-Japanese army, which led to a major change in China’s domestic war situation and made the anti-Japanese war under the leadership of the Communist Party of China face more draconian challenges. During this period, as the representative newspaper founded by the CPC in the anti-Japanese base of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Area behind the enemy lines, the JinChaJi Daily persistently published women’s reports in the anti-mopping up, which have various genres while themes focus on the anti-Japanese and anti-fascism, women’s liberation and development, always combine regional, national and international perspectives, were raising the torch of revolutionary ideals and hopes for the Chinese women groups represented by the women in Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Area at that time. This not only played an important role in promoting the women’s liberation movement and mobilizing women to participate in the anti-Japanese production and combat of the border region, but also made outstanding contributions to the exploration of the New-Democratic social governance path and the cohesion of the anti-Japanese national united front in the border region, and shaped a new position of Chinese women’s reporting on anti-oppression and anti-fascism in the Pacific War of the Second World War. These women’s reports were closely related to the changes of the domestic and foreign situation, dialectically learning lessons from the Soviet Russian view of women, and always combining with the actual life and producing activities of the region and the reality of the anti-Japanese fighting, which were significant theoretical and practical achievements of the Chinese Communist Party’s Sinicization of the Marxist-Leninist view of women during this period. At the same time, these also show the enterprising, hard-working, brave and indomitable spirits of Chinese women represented by the women in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Area then. At the meanwhile, some of these ideas, such as how to protect women’s rights and interests, affirm women’s values, shape the multiplicity of women’s roles in society, and actively seek better solutions to common problems in family and society through social cooperation, are important references and lessons for current and future women’s work and social governance in China.

Abstract:Opening up new realm of Marxisms sinicization and modernization is an important theoretical subject for the development of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the national cause, is also a strategic task to push forward the sinicization and modernization of Marxism on the basis of practice. In terms of theoretical implications, the introduction and wide spread of Marxism-Leninism in China pointed out the way forward for the Chinese people and provided them with a new choice, led to and guided the birth of the CPC, which laid an important foundation for opening up new realm. Upholding the leadership of the CPC gives a strong, stable and reliable force for adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions and keeping it in the right direction of development, thus providing a fundamental guarantee for opening up new realm. The new leap marks the development nodes and remarkable achievements of Marxisms sinicization and modernization, which is closely related to opening up new realm. The shift from one combination to two combinations makes Marxism more closely related to Chinese reality and more Chinese with Chinese characteristics, point out the development trend of opening up new realm. In terms of progress in achievement, During its strive for more than a century,CPC has taken the Sinicization of Marxism as its ideological guidance, institutional guarantee, cultural foundation and spiritual support. Focusing on innovation and publicity, of the theoretical achievements of adapting Marxism to China and The Times, Formed Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Three Represents Important Thought, Scientific Outlook on Development, Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, make the ideological essence and spiritual essence of Marxism acceptable to the broad masses of the people. At the same time, with the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as its central task, CPC has combined the basic tenets of Marxism with the realities of Chinas revolution, construction, and reform, united and led the Chinese people in making great achievements in the new-democratic revolution, in socialist revolution and construction, in reform and opening up and in socialist modernization, and in socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. In terms of practical requirements, The new journey requires us to focus on new missions and tasks in the new stage of development and deepen our understanding of the theoretical quality of Marxisms sinicization and modernization,which is inherite in one continuous line and keep pace with the times. Grasp the Six Must Adhere to put forward by Report of the Twentieth Congress.We should take people supremacy as our fundamental starting point, maintain confidence and self-reliance as our basic foothold, integrity and innovation as our main driving force, problem orientation as our realistic focus, systematic concept as our key coordination point, and maintain a global vision as an important position. As long as we do so, we can push forward the sinicization and modernization of Marxism in the new era,and open up new realm of Marxisms sinicization and modernization.

Abstract:The 20th National Congress report incorporates the concept of systems thinking into Xi Jinpings ideological framework of socialism with Chinese characteristics for the new era, and utilizes systems thinking to encompass the Seven Mindsets (strategic thinking, historical thinking, dialectical thinking, systems thinking, innovative thinking, rule-of-law thinking, and bottom-line thinking). This further clarifies the important position of systems thinking in methodology of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. Systems thinking is an important component of Marxist dialectical materialism. Marx and Engels, starting from the perspectives of society and nature, established the concepts of organism and collective, regarding nature and society as an interconnected whole. In essence, this treats nature and society as a systemic entity. Marx conducted in-depth research on the complex system of human society, establishing a comprehensive category system that includes concepts such as productive forces, production relations, economic base, and superstructure. He used this category system to profoundly analyze the internal structure and operational mechanisms of the capitalist social system. Throughout the Chinese Communist Partys leadership in the revolutionary, construction, and reform processes in China, successive leadership collectives have consistently adhered to the Marxist systemic perspective, viewing things as organic wholes composed of various elements and their relationships. They have observed, contemplated, and handled various issues in the process of development from a holistic and global perspective. Since the 18th National Congress, the Party Central Committee, with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, has consciously applied systems thinking to plan the overall work of the Party and the country. It has proposed the principles of upholding and strengthening the Partys overall leadership, promoting the Four Greats, coordinating the implementation of the Five-sphere Integrated Plan, and advancing the Four Comprehensive strategic layout. They comprehensively grasp the new development stage, implement the new development philosophy, and construct a new development pattern. They have implemented a series of new arrangements and strategies for governing the country, making adherence to systems thinking the fundamental ideological and methodological approach of the Party. Xi Jinpings approach to systems thinking further advances and develops the methodology of dialectical materialism, creatively proposing and applying the methodology of systems thinking.

Abstract:The Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China looks back on the Partys endeavors over the past century, reviews the Partys major achievements, and points out that:the Party led the people in fighting bloody battles with unyielding determination, achieving great success in the new-democratic revolution, marking the countrys great transformation from a millennia-old feudal autocracy to a peoples democracy, and also reshaping the world political landscape and offering enormous inspiration for oppressed nations and peoples struggling for national liberation around the world; under the Partys leadership, the people worked diligently for a stronger China with a spirit of self-reliance, achieving great success in socialist revolution and construction, and bringing about the most extensive and profound social change in the history of the Chinese nation and a great transformation from a poor and backward Eastern country with a large population to a socialist country; the Party led the people in freeing their minds and forging ahead, achieving great success in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization, and marking the tremendous advance of the Chinese nation from standing up to growing prosperous; the Party has led the people in bolstering self-confidence and self-reliance and in innovating on the basis of what has worked in the past, thereby bringing about great success for socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and the Chinese nation has achieved the tremendous transformation from standing up and growing prosperous to becoming strong. The Resolution on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party over the Past Century adopted at the session further summarizes the rich connotation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era with ten clarifications on the basis of the eight clarifications proposed at the 19th National Congress of the CPC. The Resolution makes clear that Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the Marxism of contemporary China and of the 21st century, and it embodies the best of the Chinese culture and ethos in our times and represents a new breakthrough in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context. The Resolution systematically and authoritatively expounds the historical achievements and changes since the 18th National Congress of the CPC from 13 aspects:upholding overall Party leadership, full and strict governance over the Party, economic construction, comprehensively deepening reform and opening up, and so on. The Resolution emphasizes that we should deeply understand the decisive significance of two upholdings and achieve two maintenances with practical actions. The session summarized the historical significance of the Partys endeavors over the past century:the peoples fate, opening up the path, theoretical guidance, influencing the world and forging itself. The Party has led the people in great endeavors and accumulated valuable historical experience over the past century. This covers the following ten aspects:upholding the Partys leadership, putting the people first, advancing theoretical innovation, and so on. The five significances and ten experiences represent valuable practical experience gained over the Partys endeavors over the past century. In particular, the summary of the experience is simple and clear, which is conducive to our continued insistence and enrichment on the way forward. The session also put forward clear requirements for taking road to the examination in the new era, emphasizing the need to maintain historical self-confidence, safeguard the Partys unity, persist in daring to struggle and continue self-revolution. Coinciding with the centennial of the Party, on a new journey to realize the Second Centenary Goal, reviewing the course, sorting out achievements, summing up experience and looking ahead, the session will unify the thinking and steps of the whole Party, unite the whole Party, the army and the people of all ethnic groups, make preparations for the convening of the 20th National Congress of the CPC, and inject strong impetus into the new journey of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way.

Abstract:The Communist Party of China has a profound historical logic, theoretical logic and realistic logic of self-revolution. From the perspective of historical logic, when the Communist Party of China was founded, people were reflecting on the disadvantages of party politics in the early Republic of China. The pursuit of fame and power has become the hallmark of political parties. In such an atmosphere, Chen Duxiu and other early communists had the consciousness and efforts to transform the party, and devoted themselves to building the Communist Party of China into a new political party different from the old ones. In terms of theoretical guidance, the Communist Party of China, guided by Marxism, adheres to the value of people first and takes the interests of the greatest number of people as its most fundamental value pursuit. Therefore, the Communist Party of China has no special interests of its own. It does not seek its own interests or practice favoritism. This value position gives the Communist Party of China the courage and determination to take the interests of the people as its final measure, dare to turn inward and fight against all words and deeds that are not conducive to the realization of the interests of the people. From the perspective of practical needs, the ruling position of the Communist Party of China and the steep tests and dangers it faces urge the Communist Party of China to always keep the revolutionary enthusiasm, strengthen its own construction, forge a solid organization, and provide the most solid organizational foundation for the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. From the 100-year history of the Communist Party of China, the spirit of self-revolution is a strong support for the Communist Party of China to keep its youth forever. Self-revolution was gradually formed and developed during the period of the new democratic revolution. It was well inherited for a period of time after the founding of new China. It was further developed in the new period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization. After entering the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, self revolution was further emphasized, fully practiced and developed. It has become a regular practice of the CPC to resolve intra party contradictions through self-revolution. To break away from the influence of wrong ideas, lines and policies and establish the correct line and direction through self-revolution is a key move for the CPC to turn the tide. The 100-year history of the Communist Party of China is a history of self-revolution in which criticism and self-criticism play an important role. In the long-term practice of self-revolution, the basic principles of criticism and self-criticism have become clear:in nature, criticism and self-criticism are ideological struggles within the Party; in terms of content, criticism and self-criticism should point out mistakes and shortcomings in politics, organization and work; in terms of purpose, criticism and self-criticism is to solve ideological contradictions and differences within the Party and achieve unity; in terms of guarantee, criticism and self-criticism cannot be carried out without the fundamental guarantee of inner-party democracy.

Abstract:The new era has witnessed a new historical height of heroic value and heroic culture as a hot topic. However, the boundary connotation remains unclear in the research and description. The academic system of heroic research is insufficient in the vertical history, horizontal structure and cross integration, and the discourse system is inadequate in empirical research, basic research and quantitative research. The basic work for further compiling heroic can be provided by further clarifying heroic connotation, conducting quantitative research on heroic factors and deeply discriminating connotation factors of heroic concepts. A quantitative and empirical research on heroes is conducted from four aspects through questionnaires and structured interviews with respective findings as follows. Firstly, in terms of the cognition and factor analysis of heroic types, anti-epidemic heroes, national heroes, revolutionary heroes, ordinary heroes and combat heroes rank among the top five and the cognition of hero types is characterized by the orientation of reality, nationality, revolution and people. Secondly, in terms of the cognition and factor analysis of heroic quality, open-ended association reveals that courage, dedication, patriotism, openness and optimism are at the forefront. The constant quality of revolutionary heroism is inherited and the new quality of keeping pace with the times is manifested in the heroic quality in the new era. Thirdly, in terms of the cognition and factor analysis of heroic narrative, different types of cases reveal that heroic positivity is mounting while negativity is lessening and transforming. The proportion of onlookers is not low, who remain neutral towards certain issues. There is still a long way to go to strengthen heroism education and the effect of education. Fourthly, in terms of the cognition and factor analysis of heroic diffusion, great changes have taken place in the diffusion and influencing channels of heroic culture, with the rise of media influence, the enhancement of independent concept and the reduction of school influence.Four conclusions are drawn by empirical research:Firstly, the types of heroes keep pace with the times, with ordinary heroes becoming the mainstream; Secondly, the heroic quality remains the original intention, with bravery and dedication becoming the theme; Thirdly, the heroic narrative highlights right and wrong, with China stories moving China; Fourthly, heroes spread independent cognition, with social joint force strengthening the effect. Four suggestions are accordingly put forward on further study:Firstly, strengthen the study of hero history to highlight the righteous power of heroes; Secondly, strengthen the study of hero ontology to build a hero factor system; Thirdly, strengthen heroic narrative study to present moving heroic stories; Fourthly, strengthen heroic diffusion research and continue the heroic tradition.