The population of university town increases sharply these days, the quality of atmospheric environments continues to deteriorate, and the carrying capacity of environments declines dramatically. People`s environmental awareness is gradually increasing and the demand for quality of life is higher and higher.In order to protect the quality of atmospheric environments, mitigate the adverse effects of population expansion of the university town on the atmospheric environments, and promote the sustainable development of social and economic benefits, to carry out this project is essential. Based on the university town`s existing land-use planning and environmental quality, combined with regional meteorological data, the article uses mathematical modeling to estimate the atmospheric environmental capacity of regional conventional pollution factor. Also, according to the survey data based on per capita resource consumption, this article statistically analyzes the unit of pollutant emissions and regional pollutants emissions. Based on the estimates of environmental capacity, it demonstrates the rationality of existing planning of the university town and also feedback from the perspective of the protection of the atmospheric environment on the population size control of the university town.