Abstract:On the vast land of China there are still some ancient Villages scattered, which were formed under some specific historical situations.Due to the limitations such as geographical and transport factors,these ancient villages have been little affected by the construction boom outside,keeping the original shape,architectural style and even the plain and simple customs until now.During the course of location selection and village formation, the traditional culture of the villagers has been embodied into the substantial system of the village and has become the important part of the village culture.The study on the ancient village-the prototype of city inhabitation-will contribute to understanding the trace of city development,that is,the concept of city planning and designing transforms from the functionalism to humanism approach.It is endowed with further cultural connotation promoting the continuous development of the city. In this paper, the external form of traditional culture in the ancient villages were inquired into from four aspects:the thought of "gendu"(farming and study) culture, the idea of village defense,the concept of "lishui" culture and the notion of "fengshui" culture.

Abstract:With the development of city, more and more people are aware of that like the traditional building, the historical block should be protected because of the historical deposits. However, for a long period, more time are spend on material conservation, such as the archaeological studies and restorations of historical vestiges and their surroundings, while little is spend on spiritual aspects, such as the research on folk custom, social environment and humane studies. From an international academic communication-the conception design of Ciqikou, it is suggested that the conservation of historical block is different from that of single building. In order to preserve the integral environment of historical block, the dwelling environment of local people should be taken into account. This paper aims at comparison of and discussion on the protection and development of historical block both at home and abroad.

Abstract:Building roof garden can widen the green area and expand the green space effectively.It has the ecological function for improving the environment, beautification function for molding a person's sentiment and colorful practical function. It can promote the ecological balance of the city and optimize the environment for human residence to meet the needs of people to approach the nature and return to the nature. In designing roof garden, the favorite factors, such as wide field of vision, good illumination, large temperature difference, little pollution, small people flow as well as adverse factors concerning the field, bearing capacity, soil and wind power should be taken into account. In the meantime, to create an outer ecological space with abundant cultural connotation, it is necessary to take safety as prerequisite, ecology as basis,artistic quality as its core, function as its purpose and economy as its guarantee.

Abstract:According to the modern medical treatment theory, the effect of medical treatment more and more depends on patient's frame of mind. So in design of Bio-clean operation department, the principle of environmental psychology should be taken into account, so as to form a humanistic interior space, which could ease patients' tension and make the operation easy. In this paper, the importance of psychological environment in Bio-clean operation department design is discussed and an advice for the creation of humanistic interior space in three aspects is brought forward.

Abstract:A creative test method for post-tensioned prestressed frame is presented in this paper. In the test, the stationary supports at the column base are simulated and the forces at the column base can be tested while the two column bases are not connected with concrete beam. The prestressed secondary moment and the weight-produced moment are established by adjusting the support device at the column base. In this paper, the necessary conditions of the method and the basic process are recommended. It is proved theoretically that the prestressed concrete frame built by this method is equivalent to that used in practice.

Abstract:Many mountainous cities are facing slope problems during project construction. At present, there are two methods to determine cracking angle for rock slope, namely, the method from "Technical Specification for Retaining Structure in Excavation" and the method from "Handbook of Engineering Geology". However, there is obvious difference between cracking angles of rock slope by these two methods. In this paper, the theoretical formulas of these two methods are derived and compared. Based on analyzing the results of FLAC numerical simulation for soft rock slope, it is concluded that the cracking angles of rock slope determined by the "Handbook of Engineering Geology" are more reasonable and safe.

Abstract:It is of important significance to study the ultimate bearing capacity of foundation in three-dimensional stress. In this paper, a formula is established for ultimate bearing capacity of foundation taking three-dimensional stress into account. According to the numerical results, the ultimate bearing capacity of foundation with consideration of three-dimensional stress is improved, which is of important significance for engineering.

Abstract:In this paper, the provisions in different design codes and some tests on the identification of the negative strength of beams including slab-bars are compared and analyzed. The results of analysis demonstrate that the effective width of slabs is a converted width for calculation. It isn't the actual working width of the slab or the yield slab width. According to the maximum storey drift, the frames can reach, an effective width of slabs can be defined as six times the slab-thickness width on each side of the web. Considering the participation of reinforcement in slab into resistance of the beam against negative flexure, the anchorage of tension bars and the transverse reinforcement placement in slab should be taken into account to ensure the effective work of longitudinal slab bars.

Abstract:Lime-soil has been widely used in communication and construction engineering as a cheap building material. But in practice, there is a little knowledge about the properties and monitoring of lime-soil. In this paper, through laboratory experiments, the influence of curing age and lime-soil ratio on the properties, such as shear strength and compressibility, is studied. Results show that the engineering properties of lime-soil are ameliorated with curing age. It is especially notable within 30 days and the engineering properties are better when the lime-soil ratio is greater than 2.5:7.5. Finally, the micro-mechanism of strength development is analyzed. Test results are useful for monitoring and controlling the quality of lime-soil construction. A proposal is suggested that for the standard, one-month strength should be taken for designing and monitoring the lime-soil.

Abstract:The varied-axial force beam-column is widely used in practice. Unlike the academic method, the numerical method is usually used only to solve its stability problem, but not to give the general answer a series of problems for beam-column. In this paper, firstly, a new conception of dimensionless beam column is presented. Secondly, based on the column deflection curve (CDC) method, the calculation formula for critical load of variable-axial force beam-column is derived. Thirdly, the numerical results under axial symmetric load are derived. Finally, the interaction formula on the critical load of beam-column under concentrated axial load, even distributed axial load and triangular distributed axial load and under these loads acted simultaneously are proposed respectively. The method given in this paper expands the application of CDC.

Abstract:对污水处理厂可行性研究报告中污水水质、污水处理厂规模的确定、污水处理工艺选择、污泥处理、污水处理厂占地、运行费用以及工程投资等评审参考标准进行了探讨，污水处理厂规模的确定非常重要，污水处理工艺的确定是污水处理厂可行性研究报告的关键，建议采用高效低耗污水处理工艺，例如，氧化沟工艺（OD）、SBR工艺等，其主要经济指标为：吨水投资600－900元，吨水占地0．4－0．6m^2，吨水运行费用0．2－0．5元。

Abstract:In this paper, the heat transfer and friction characteristics for cross-flow over staggered new external three-dimensional finned tube banks developed by the Chongqing University of China are investigated by means of cross optimization experiment. The results of experiment show that the rate of heat transfer is enhanced from 1.5 to 2.5 and the ratio of pressure drop is increased from 1 to 3.5 compared to the bare tubes in the range of Reynolds numbers Re=2 900-14 000. The heat transfer and friction factor correlations are obtained through step by step regression and then, the influence of geometric parameters of fins on the characteristics of heat transfer and friction is analyzed.

Abstract:The consultation in project prospecting and designing plays a very important role in the project construction and it is facing a great challenge after the access of China to WTO. In this paper, the countermeasure in consultation of project prospecting and designing is put forward as follows: change the idea; cultivate and develop a perfect market system; to build a market operating system in keeping with the requirement of international practice and market; to reform and perfect the trade management system; to enhance the level of the project prospecting and designing unit; to change the government's function; to strengthen the quality control to ensure the quality of the project; to form a perfect law and regulation system; to encourage and strengthen the technology reform to set a fine base for the sustainable development and to adjust and work out the encouraging policy to help the trade development.

Abstract:In this paper, in allusion to the three kinds of serious overvaluation (the budgetary estimate of project construction exceeds the rough estimate, the budget exceeds the budgetary estimate and the final accounts exceed the budget) causing uncontrollable project investment often appeared in domestic project construction,the main causes for that are analyzed. That is, the frequent project change and the malpractice of the cost managing system. In this paper, according to some real projects,the kinds and causes of project change are clarified and the malpractice of the cost managing system is analyzed. The effective approaches of reducing the project change, especially the united surveying and improving the cost managing system in order to make the effective control of the project investment are realized.

Abstract:China's construction industry is confronting with the impacts and challenges with the China's entry into the WTO. With the further opening to the outside world, the competition of China's construction industry becomes more and more intensive. Under such circumstance, the only way to adapt to the post-WTO environment for China's construction industry is to promote such works as regulation integrity, industrial structure adjustment and enterprise innovation. In order to promote and speed up the development of China's construction industry, it is realistic to analyze both the advantages and disadvantages with the accession of China to WTO and take corresponding countermeasures.

Abstract:The economical construction and development of China can't be separated from the development of rural economy.Due to appearance and development of rural enterprises,surplus labor force of rural areas was accepted, agricultural economy had been developed and farmers' income enhanced. The traditional agriculture had been reconstructed. The construction and development of small cities and towns are connected with the development of rural economy and accelerate the development of city economy. The construction of small cities and towns can have congregation effect and scale benefit. The industry structure of country will be optimized in whole, management cost will be cut down, energy consumption will be reduced, pollution will be lowered and labor productivity will be increased. In this paper, the importance of town construction in economic development of China is elaborated. The achievement and problem in town construction are summarized. A method of gradual advance for town development is put forward and the problems that must be handled in town development are pointed out.

Abstract:With the uninterrupted development of the socialist market economy, there are many phenomena such as mendacious accounting information and false account in the accounting practice. It is an inevitable request for us to amend and improve the Accounting Law, so as to make it reflecting the new content and playing a significant role in accounting work. In this paper, after a thorough discussion of the nature, background and characteristics of the newly revised Accounting Law, a great innovation of the law that laying the primary accounting obligation on the persons in charge of unit is pointed out and its rationality, function and duty are summarized and analyzed.

Abstract:In order to formalize China's real estate appraisal, an examination and registration system for real estate appraisers has been put into practice. China Institute of Real Estate Appraisers has edited a series of textbooks for this purpose and the standard rules and specifications for real estate appraisal are available. During reading the text book as well as the rules and specifications, the author found that there are some mistakes and uncertainty in the formula of overall capitalization rate. Because of its sensitivity to the value of real estate, it is extremely important to use correct overall capitalization rate. Based on the information collected, the author has systematically analyzed the overall capitalization rate formula, and clearly defined the concept involved. In this paper, it is expected to provide some insight into the improvement of real estate appraisal theory in China and offer some valuable reference for real estate practice.

Abstract:In this paper,the workabiltiy,strength.Shrinkage and creep of concrete made from composite fine aggregate (CFC) were studied. Resuits show that the properties of CFC is familiar to those of concrete made from natural middle-size of fine aggregate when the mixture proportion is the same.The composite fine aggregate composed of man-made limestone sand and natural super-fine sand could be used for producing flowing corcrete.

Abstract:In this paper, the influence of fly ash (FA), blast furnace slag (BS) and silica fume (SF) on the properties of lightweight aggregate concrete (LAC) with high fluidity were studied. Results show that in LAC the effects of composite additives are better than that of single additive. The slump of LAC with apparent density of 1 840 kg/m 3 could reach 267 mm and the spread 650 mm. The 28d strength is 28.8 MPa for LAC with 20% ground FA and 20% BS as additives and the shale ceramsite with bulk density of 503 kg/m 3 and crushing strength 3.1 MPa was used as aggregate. Physical properties of lightweight aggregate have significant effects on durability of the flowing LAC.

Abstract:The environment ethic deals with the research on relation between human beings and the nature. The residential environment ethic is a detail study of environment ethic, which studies the relation between human beings and residential environment. The residential environment ethic presents the human duty to care about and protect residential environment and actually to protect human beings themselves. But the residential environment is facing many dangers, such as city pollution and indoor air pollution, which are closely related to building materials. So, one of the ways for improving the residential environment quality is to use green building materials.

Abstract:The deicing and snow melting methods frequently used and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed at first, then the working principle on deicing by electrically conductive concrete is introduced. Based on the energy conservation law, the minimum power required for deicing and snow melting is determined. The curve of power output versus voltage of carbon fiber reinforced concrete (CFRC) is measured in laboratory; the experimental results show that the thermal energy produced in CFRC connected to DC power source is enough for deicing and snow melting purpose.

Abstract:The treatment parameters in municipal treatment plant include COD, BOD5, SS, N and P etc. The paradoxical relationships are inevitably produced because of the different requirements on denitrification and phosphor removal. In this paper, the fundamental mechanism of biological denitrification and phosphor removal and their present situation and progress are presented. On the basis of analysis on the paradoxical relationship between biological denitrification and phosphor removal, the development of denitrification and phosphor removal process was discussed and the further study in this field was proposed.

Abstract:In this paper, the finite element method is used to analyze the behavior of the prestressed V-shape Slab Roof structure, especially the effect of temperature change on the stress of slab. The calculated results indicate that when the temperature changes, the tensile stress at the lower extreme fibers of the flange plate near rib exceeds the tensile strength of concrete subjected to the combined action of triaxial stresses and results in the longitudinal cracks of the flange plate. The deflection analysis is based on the mechanical model of the prestressed V shape slab with the longitudinal cracks. The calculated results are in general agreement with the field observations.

Abstract:In this paper, the selection of type, function and technological requirements of EMCS for Shenzhen Underground has been introduced.Based on the investigation for EMCS's worldwide applications and the analysis of practice in Shenzhen Underground, the comparison and selection of PLC and DDC have been done completely.At the same time,the introduction of EMCS is organized by the center level, station level and the spot level.