Abstract:City is a spatial synthesis which consists of various buildings and urban opening space.With the developing of the urbanization,the urban planning will directly influence the sustainable development of a city,and the optimization of the urban zone pattern is the main section of the urban planning.The urban opening space is the main part of the urban landscape with important eco-function.Due to its flexibility,the urban opening space is becoming the object of the urban landscape pattern.In this study,some ecological problems during urban development were discussed,and a series of strategies of urban opening space pattern optimization have been put forward based on landscape planning theories.

Abstract:Human settlement environment is the basis of people existence and development, and currently Chinese urban construction is being faced with many problems on human settlement environment. Through contrasting the concepts of the American Edged Urbanism with the New Urbanism in the later half of the 20th century theoretically, this paper indicated the change in concept of urban design from the technological rationality to the nature and humanity. It expounds that the essence of New Urbanism is the idea of human settlement environment, and enlightens that people should promote urban construction and human settlement environment by way of humanism, and maintain harmonious development of human, nature and human settlement environment, thus the urban environment should walk up a correct way, and the idea has academic and extensive practical value for new development zones.

Abstract:Where to have regeneration and where to give it a priority are the basic questions need to answer in urban regeneration.Based on clarifying the defined method,this article aims at probing into the scope and the priority of regeneration-space.Then,a further survey of it from the angle of time and an analysis of the regeneration-space were carried out combined with the current situation of China.In order to reach a clear understanding of the space program of the city regeneration for a scientific decision for regeneration and raising the efficiency.

Abstract:Through the examples of urban wetland parks construction at home and abroad, the importance of urban wetland parks is expounded in this paper, and the special landscape characteristics of the urban wetland parks accepted by the public and the urban constructor are analyzed, including the natural, ecological and economical characteristics. The natural characteristics include rich and multiple landscapes, biological diversity, remarkable ecological benefits and comprehensive functions. The social characteristics include clear recreational character, rich historical culture connotations and prominent education functions. Then, aiming at the facts existed in the landscape construction of the urban wetland parks in our country, including neglect of the characters and conditions of the region, formalized landscape design, urbanized recreational activities, neglect of other living things, species invasion and neglect of the educational functions in landscape construction and so on. It proposes that the landscape construction of urban wetland parks should follow the important principles as to protect strictly and restore the biology diversity, control the human disturbance, the construction should be based on ecology theories as the instruction, the recreational activities should have their themes and the architecture construction should be natural and ecological and so on. Finally, the thesis discusses the landscape construction concept design and the landscape district construction in the urban wetland parks. It hopes that it can give some promotions to the landscape construction of urban wetland parks through this research.

Abstract:The traditional architecture of Huizhou style with its unique regional cultural features makes a well- developed genre of architecture in late ancient China. Especially, the traditional folk housing of Huizhou style is the most vivid embodiment of Huizhou culture, reflecting the social history and culture in Huizhou area. The location and setting of the traditional folk housing in ancient Huizhou is greatly influenced by the geomantic theory, a fact that can be best detected in the practice of building artificial landscapes at the accesses to villages. The internal structure of the traditional folk housing of Huizhou style vividly reveals the ideology and the system of the patriarchy in ancient Huizhou. Being traders but sticking to the identity and temperament of Confucian scholars, local merchants of ancient Huizhou fostered a unique culture, which has shaped an distinctive artistic charm found in the internal decoration and furnishings of the traditional folk housing in ancient Huizhou.

Abstract:Plan design of residential building is usually based on intuition,so there are often shortcomings in room orientation,natural lighting,ventilation and energy saving,causing some problems in its function.A concept of Predominance Score is suggested for different locations of the building according to the room orientation,natural lighting,ventilation and energy saving.Based on the low-density characteristics of isolated house,the suggested Predominance Score(PS) is assigned to each specific zone based on room orientation,amount of natural lighting sources and number of inner walls etc.Then,the plan design is carried out according to the order of PS.This strategy will help architects to make decision on technical analysis rather than on intuition.A case study shows the validation of the suggested strategy.

Abstract:This research explores the enlightenment on the design conceptualization and visualization in digital architecture.This study uses 3D models as the main source of data,taking the process of design development as its object.A rapid prototyping(RP) technology is used for 3D color output of design models.The substantiated digital models are used as an important media in design interaction.It is found from the study that RP models were an important media in connecting the virtual world and the real world.Designers could verify their intentions and thus increase efficiency by switching between both worlds.The surface attributes of components and the characteristics of architectural spaces could be merges with images,as a way to extend the freedom in the declaration of a surface's appearance.The large amount of design information can be simplified by explicit visualizing design data.

Abstract:Using the revised BP-NN,this paper presented the neural network method for landslide stability analysis in the Three Gorges area.By choosing 30 typical landslides in this area as examples,the stability state estimated by the revised BP-NN method is highly consistent to that by conventional transfer coefficient method.And the method presented in this paper has following advantages:the input parameters are easily obtained and this method does not deeply rely on investigation quality and shear strength parameters of slips and is a quite simple one.The BP-NN method is a new measure to stability analysis of landslides in the Three Gorges area,which is especially suitable to the stability prediction of landslides before investigation.

Abstract:During data collection,the experimental data such as curve of force versus displacement are usually disturbed by the environmental uncertain signals,which cause the data to drift greatly.Since the drift is stochastic,uncertain,and has distorted the real experimental curve severely,it brings lots of difficulties in analyzing the experiment results.In this paper,based on the characteristic of the stochastic disturbance signals,a three-phase digital filter arithmetic is given,in which the disturbance signals are filtered in each phase gradually,according to the different filter methods,and then the real curve is reappeared again.Two idiographic and different instances are adopted to prove the validity of the arithmetic at the end.

Abstract:Based on the principle of interactive analysis,the deformation equation of hybrid structure which contains rigid character value is established using the analysis of the frame - shear wall structure for reference, considering the rigid zone between concrete beam and concrete - tube, the shear deformation of concrete - tube, axial deformation of steel frames and semi - rigid connection between steel columns and concrete beams. Assuming the hybrid structure to be a continuous elastic structure with infinite degree of freedom, a free vibration equation has been built and the formula for calculating free vibration period has been deduced. The influences of various parameters to the coefficient of free vibration period relating to rigid character value are discussed according to some diagrams. It is shown that the rigid zone can lessen the free vibration period but the shear deformation of concrete - tube, axial deformation of steel frames, and the semi -rigid connection between steel columns and concrete beams can enhance the free vibration period.

Abstract:Wind induced vibration is one of the main control factors in the Long span bridge structure design. The wind tunnel tests for measuring the static wind forces on the bridge girder and the section model wind tunnel dynamic testing for Caiyuanba Yangtze River Bridge in Chongqing are introduced in this paper. The wind tunnel testing for measuring static wind forces and vortex- induced vibration test on the arch are introduced taking account of the influence between two arches. The main contents and outcomes of testing are presented. It is indicated that the bridge girder has excellent wind stability and the arch mechanical characters are rather complicated. The drag force on the hind arch varied a lot because of the font arch interference on the wind flow. The drag force on the hind arch will be negative when two arches are close to each other. It increases with the space of two arches. The results of testing will give the data of buffeting and vortex - induced vibration and flutter analysis of the bridge.

Abstract:In order to study the influence of stress path on the constitutive relations for reshaped clay,the triaxial compression tests under stress paths with drainage in cases of increased,constant and decreased mean normal stress and undrained conventional triaxial compression test have been carried out,the stress-strain relations under the four stress paths are obtained.Through visualization the three-dimensional surfaces of shear and volume strain in the whole stress field under the four stress paths are given respectively by numerical modeling.In addition,the four families of shear and volume yield loci are plotted respectively.It is found through comparing the deformation results under the four stress paths that there are obvious differences in the stress ranges,the strain peaks,the shapes of strain surfaces and the trends of variation of volume yield loci,however,for the four families the shear yield loci are similar.These results demonstrate that the influence of stress path on the constitutive relations of clay is considerably large and could not be neglected,and it relates to the effective mean normal stress closely.

Abstract:Low strain dynamic testing on actual pile was conducted to investigate if the wave velocity is varied in the installed pre-cast pile.It was found that the wave velocity of the pile is raised along with time.The analysis has been carried out through with one dimension and three dimension stress wave propagation theories.Among various factors influencing the rise of wave velocity,the factor of the side soil contribution is the chief one.The soil around the pile works jointly with the pile,as if to enlarge the section size of the pile.Both the increase of wave velocity and the bearing capacity of pile are consistent.So the time effect of wave velocity can be used to study the time effect of bearing capacity of the pile and to determine the bearing capacity of piles.

Abstract:The simulation analysis of temperature field under ideal condition can reflects the rule of true temperature field, but accidental factor during construction process will result in difference of the result. This paper studied the Baise RCC Dam with the distributed optical fiber technology and FEM technology, the numerical results were modified with the testing data and the contrastive curves can be obtained for the testing data,ideal simulation data and real -time simulation data. The results indicate that the modified real - time simulation can reflect the true temperature field ; it may serve as a guide for the temperature control.

Abstract:Recently, the construction of neighboring highway tunnels with small interval gets more and more in China. The construction of such tunnels proceeds usually by excavating one after another. The second tunnel is constructed with the surrounding rock disturbed by the first one. And the construction of second tunnel also has effect on the first excavated one. For revealing the interaction laws of such tunnel construction in combination with the engineering practice of Lanfeng tunnel at Jinshan Road in Chongqing, The FE numerical simulation analysis was used to study the characters of surrounding rock deformation, stress field, and plastic zone of the tunnel. From this analysis, it clearly shows that the excavation of second tunnel has significant influence on the first one. This study provides a scientific basis for design and excavation of neighboring highway tunnels.

Abstract:By short introduction of field test for specimens of spreading foundation on rock sub-grade and on the basis of field test data for specimens of spreading foundation on rock sub-grade,the distribution curves of sub-grade reaction at each level of the load are plotted and the rule of the curves for each type of specimen is summarized.By comparison of the results measured in other foundation soils,the major reasons for differences among the different foundation soils in the distribution of sub-grade reaction and the factors which influence the distribution of sub-grade reaction are presented:the differences in character of the sub-grade and the load.It can provide some reference for calculation of key section's internal force and research and practical application in foundation engineering on rock sub-grade.

Abstract:Suspended sediments play an important role in the transformation process of pollutants in rivers.The adsorption characteristic of suspended sediments in Three Gorges Reservoir Area to phosphate was studied in this paper.Based on the indoor adsorption balancing experiment and kinetic modeling experiment,the main factors for adsorption process of sediments(particle size of sediment,initial concentration etc.) were discussed.The major results of the experiment were as follows:(1) Three kinds of suspended sediments with different particle sizes were used for the study of adsorption characteristic with different sediment concentration.The amount of phosphate adsorption increased with the increase of the sediment concentration and sediment particle size.(2) With the help of Langmuir isotherm theory,the related parameters in kinetic model were estimated,the experiment results indicated that the adsorption isotherm of phosphate in Three Gorges Reservoir Area fitted with the fifth type of Langmuir adsorption isotherm,the maximum amount of phosphate adsorption would emerge when the phosphate concentration was relatively high,but it would move down when the phosphate concentration increased afterwards.(3) Phosphate adsorption increased with the increase of initial phosphate concentration,the average time for adsorption balance was 2-4 hours.

Abstract:In response to the characteristic of oxidation ditch and its limitation in removal of phosphorus and nitrogen,the research of the biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal in micro-environment and macroenvironment was reviewed.The process of enhancing phosphorus and nitrogen removal was discussed,the way to improve the phosphorus and nitrogen removal was presented:(1)the proper sequential arrangement of the locations of aerator,influent,effluent and return sludge to form the reversed A~2/O process;(2)forming more rigorously anaerobic zone by means of vertical flow circle;(3)the proper supply of oxygen,to avoid insufficiency of aerobic phosphorus uptake and nitrification with low oxygen supply;While to keep from overmuch waste of carbon source going against de-nitrification,and high oxygen concentration going against anaerobic phosphorus release due to high oxygen supply;(4)the proper hydraulic parameter and oxygen supply mode.

Abstract:A survey has been done about the actual state of the water supply and drainage in two Chongqing Small Cities,Yongchuan and Qianjiang in Chongqing metropolitan.The results indicated that in the two cities,the requirement for the water quality of residential use depended on the family income,but still lower than the current standard value.Residents in the two cities have different reflections on the tap water quality.26.21% of residents were not or completely not satisfied with the tap water quality.74.6% of the residents were hoping the local government to improve water supply sanitation and 27.27% of residents were hoping the local government to provide direct drinking water.On the other hand,56.68% of the householders had used pure water as drinking water and more than 85% of residents were willing to pay for improving the tap water quality and treating wastewater.

Abstract:The gases generated by anaerobic fermentation of organic solid wastes in Three Gorges Reservoir Area are CH_4,CO_2,H_2S,NH_3,H_2 and some micro-gases.Data analysis shows that in the cities and towns of Three Gorges Reservoir Area,4 380 thousand tones of garbage,3 800 thousand tones of faecal were generated each year.In landfill of the garbage in average of 290 millions kg of CH_4 was generated,also in average of 230 millions kg of CH_4 was generated from the faecal.CH_4 is a very important greenhouse gas;the proportion of its contribution to greenhouse effect is next to CO_2.Other gases only have small influence on the whole atmospheric environment.

Abstract:This paper analyzes the energy-efficiency of the measurable heating system through the analysis of three main energy-efficient measures:room temperature control,system climate equalizing and variable-flux circulation,based on the data of local climate;it points out that the remarkable energy-efficiency of the measurable heating system is gained especially in cases of the use of residential mode for the residence and office mode for the public building.Then,according to the analysis of energy-efficiency and market price of equipment added for this heating measure,the economy of the measurable heating system is analyzed.The results indicate that heating companies have gained extraordinary profits from new heating measure,the benefit for the clients are fulfilled only by setting reasonable heating prices and the measurable heating should be in accord with the market rules.

Abstract:The heating and air conditioning energy consumption of residential buildings is influenced by the behavior of indoor living personnel.On the basis of research and analysis,two kinds of calculation modes reflecting the behavior of indoor living personnel are estimated.Under two kinds of different calculation modes,by using the building thermal environment simulation Toolkit DeST to simulate the energy consumption calculation for certain residential building in Shanghai,and the simulation results are compared with the research results.The influence of calculation mode on heating and air conditioning energy consumption of residential buildings in Shanghai is analyzed in this paper.In order to obtain the right simulation calculation method correctly reflecting the energy consumption of residential buildings.This method can be used for analysis and evaluation of heating and air conditioning energy consumption of residential buildings in Shanghai,and it can serve as instruction for right energy design of residence building.

Abstract:The Event tree model for failure of city gas pipeline is established in this article according to the property of city gas,the fault tree analyses are incorporated into the event tree. The fault trees are used to analyze the causes and probabilities of the initial event and subsequent events, while the event tree is used to analyze the subsequent event of gas leaking and the probabilities of the consequential events. Thus, a comprehensive analysis method for failure of city gas pipeline and its hazard has been produced.

Abstract:With the development of real estate market,the agency model will be more popular.Under asymmetry of information,both developer and agent are faced with moral hazards.In this paper,the authors analyzed the Principal-agent relationship between developers and agents,and used a principal-agent model to analyze the influencing factors for agent's moral hazards,and the influencing factors for developer's moral hazards,at last,the authors provided some ideas to solve this problem.

Abstract:Each party in engineering project faces different quality risk in different stage,and each adopts different management decision against quality risk.Firstly,from the new classic economics angle,an economic explanation to the management decision against engineering quality risk according to the different benefits for contractor and owner.The owner and contractor of a construction project,the government and projection legal person find their economic ties in an asymmetric information supply,or in an imperfectly assigned contract.The rules and characteristics of entrust-agency relation are analyzed from the economics and information economics angle,an economic explanation of engineering quality risk is given according to entrust-agency relation.The measures of controlling quality risk have been put forward from the angle of the economics.

Abstract:The conflict events that occurred in construction engineering project(CEP) bring about a lot of adverse influence on project implementation.Furthermore,there is a limitation for five modes used to deal with the conflicts in favor of the project management,which is proved by the practice.On the basis of investigation,the authors bring to light the multi-attributive characteristics of the conflict events through clustering analysis,and put forward a new concept as co-adaptability aiming at solving the conflict events in CEP,and building up a new project management mechanism based on the new concept and a new mode to deal with the conflict events based on the whole project benefit.So,this research offers not only a new idea but also a new method of solving conflict events in CEP.

Abstract:In this paper a game model for the effect of corporation control on the financial contract efficiency under imperfect financial contract has been set up.With introducing the factor of control power,the factors influencing the efficiency of the financial contract are not only the efforts of investors and administrators and the welfare of the administrator but more important is the imperfectness of the financial contract,which can be used for discussion on transformation mechanism of the influence of the funding behavior.

Abstract:承包商的索赔欺诈行为不仅是建筑业健康发展的障碍之一,也是业主的风险之一。文中针对索赔过程中的夸大实际损失形式的索赔欺诈进行研究分析,通过建立夸大建设工程实际损失的索赔欺诈矩阵对策数学模型,寻求当承包商与业主之间发生高额索赔事件时对承包商索赔欺诈所给予的处罚与两者所采取策略的概率之间的关系,提出防止措施,并向业主提出一些建议,以此来防止承包商进行索赔欺诈。

Abstract:Competition among construction companies becomes drastic while market economy is gradually established in China.It is a problem of concern that how to rationally evaluate the competitive ability of construction companies in order to plan the competitive strategy for companies.The multi index system and comprehensive index are proposed in this paper and Analytic Hierarch Process(AHP) is applied to calculate the weights of multi index.The evaluation model of competitive performance of construction companies is presented based on AHP.An example for the evaluation model is given.The results demonstrate that the model can be used to efficiently evaluate the competitive performance of construction companies.The competitive strategy can be suggested through analyzing some factors influencing the competitive performance of construction companies.

Abstract:There is no appropriate method or uniform standard for evaluating the pozzolanicity of CFB sulphur-fixed coal ashes,leading to difficulty in use of it as building material,because CFB sulphur-fixed coal ash has higher content of f-CaO and SO_3 than that of ordinary ash.In this paper the appropriate evaluating methods are developed through theoretical analysis and experiments with reference to the National standards GB2847 for the pozzolanic materials and GB12957-91for the testing method of the activity of the industrial wastes,the compressive strength ratio is suggested by determination of 28 day compressive strength ratio of ground CFB sulphur-fixed coal ashes-clinker to ground clinker.It is shown that this evaluating method gives the results consistent with those from other methods.

Abstract:How to make use of computer network in teaching becomes the focus of concern for the computer engineers and teachers.The remote video consultation classroom can be used in teaching by using internet and NGN server to improve the instruction and stimulate the students' interest in study.As the IP network is widely used in campus,connection could be set up for student dormitory,office or even the teacher's home.On the computer network teacher and student can discuss face to face online and make best use of their time.This paper discusses the problem about how to construct a network-video class room based on computer network including VOIP and NGN(new generation network) switch server.

Abstract:Based on the domestic and overseas literatures,the mechanism of electrical conduction of conductive concrete is analyzed at first;Then the performance,the influencing factors of electrical conduction,the smart property such as compression sensibility,temperature sensibility and electro-thermal effect and its engineering application about electrically conductive concrete are introduced;Finally,the shortcoming in present conductive concrete's study and application is pointed out.