Abstract:Column leaching tests were performed to probe the effect of simulated acid rain at different pH values on the acidification of grey-brown purplish soil from the Three Gorges Reservoir Region. The results indicated that the lower the acid rain pH value the more serious the acidification of the soil; the electric conductance of the solution leaching through different soil layers increased at first, then decreased, while the pH value of leachate changed reversely. In general, the higher the pH value and CEC content of the soil were, the greater the electric conductivity of the leachate was. The releasing amount of base ions in four types of typical soils increased with increasing rain acidity, while the leaching amount of aluminium in four types of typical soils increased with the decline of acid rain pH. Changes in the physical and chemical properties of respective soil layers to different degrees were detected after the addition of simulated acid rain of different pH values.

Abstract:During the geologic disaster treatment process of Yangtze Rive Three-Gorges, the construction firm thinks over more is the traffic safety of the key footpath and the safety of citizens in town. Moreover, as the famous key point of interest all over the world, in Yangtze River Three-Gorges, where the protection and construction of humanization landscape has been neglected. The essential of this paper is the landscape character of Yangtze Rive gorge, and brings forward many actualize methods for fathering the geologic disaster of Yangtze River Three-Gorges. Such as occultation, amalgamations, constructing the emphases sight, emerging the humanization landscape, all of which will realize the protection and construction of humanization landscape.

Abstract:In China,the distribution system of rural land resources is related to the farmers' benefit and the rural development.With the improvement of the farming productivity,the distribution system of rural land resources needs to be improved at present China.This paper has studied the changes of land distribution system in the ancient China,and pointed out some defects of the land distribution system that existed in the rural area of present China.At the end of this paper,it has also proposed some beneficial suggestion on the distribution system of rural land resources of future China,such as keeping the land villagers-owned system,put land-contract-right with the property right,protecting the land concentration trend and decreasing the pension function of the rural land etc.

Abstract:The two contrast research methods-empiricism and rationalism-are the most compelling among many arguments in architecture.However,such a definite contrariety cannot be found in Kevin Lynch's study of Urban Image.By an Analysis on the research methods of Kevin Lynch-including his psychological and phenomenological research methods,as well as his psychological and anthropologic references-this paper tries to prove that the research of Architecture may be an organic whole of positivism and dialectic,of quantitative and qualitative analysis,and of Myth and Science.The methodology of architecture does not reject poetry,nor does the Architecture.

Abstract:Based on the hot spring resort of Shibei power-supply bureau, Guiyang,it is points out that the architecture designing should conform to the regional characteristics, especially in accordance with the mountainous country, and obey the principle-of this feeling,at this scenery and at this location. Meanwhile,three methods could be taken to create mountainous area architectures with regional characteristics, that is the reflection of modern materials, elaborate usage of local materials and the succession of the soul of mountainous architecture.

Abstract:This article brings forward the institution of a "Qing Dynasty Culture Heritage Corridor-From Beijing to Shenyang".This corridor spans more than 600 km,composes of more than 50 important historic nodes.There are 6 nodes in the world culture heritage list;12 nodes in the national cultural relic protection unit list and 18 nodes in the cultural relic protection unit list of Liaoning or Hebei Provinces.To establish and protect the "Qing Dynasty Culture Heritage Corridor-From Beijing to Shenyang" is the demand of protecting this linear cultural sight heritage1,is also the demand of constructing high effect and basic forward-looking zoology establishment,is the demand of developing cultural tour even more.Especially,this heritage protecting method like heritage corridor is not sufficiently recognized today,instituting one heritage corridor provided with characteristic of our country has important meanings.

Abstract:Depending on mountains and rivers,the Mountain Defense System had been functioning well to an extreme extent in Diaoyucheng,Hechuan,Chongqing,during its 40-year history of defending Mongolia' invasion by turning the single layer defense to a multi-layer one,thus added one of the missions impossible in the world war record.This paper launches a pilot research on how to cope with dangerous mountain top site conditions to defend invading attack with the help of those charming left sites of once besieged city.Those left sites are quite valuable in understanding the history and culture related.

Abstract:At the Chinese history cultural heritage protection level,the historic towns belong to historical culture protectorate category,which is a kind of precious historical culture resources.How to protect this traditional human settlement in the contemporary space and time's environment effectively is a challenging topic in front of us.In this paper from the existing feature and evolution tendency of Bayu historic towns under the background of present urbanization,in accordance with their problems,the technique of Combination is put forward considering feasibility and concrete ways for the continuation of traditional space structure and repair of social culture appearance.Based on them and from the aspects of economy and policy,furthermore,the guarantee strategies,which put the Combination into practice,are discussed,that will provide a reference for practical operation of historic towns combination.

Abstract:The traditional ways of protecting heritage are often passive when facing the influence of tourism development, which makes the protection measures lag behind relatively. To solve such a problem, this paper analyzes the influence of tourism destination lifecycle and of spatial structure creatively with the theories of Tourism Geography, pointing out that the influences are different in different lifecycle phases with different distinct characteristics, that the special spatial structure always makes tourism destinations facing more complex conditions and take more heavy environment pressure. Therefore, this paper advocates taking active protection, dynamic protection, building protection system to protect the historic villages and towns.

Abstract:The roof garden has great functioning of smoothing the shortage of land resource in the city and making use of the land resource diversity and efficiently. It is an efficient and reasonable way to exploit the open space the roof of the building. From the classic roof garden of the world, we can find out that roof garden has close relationship with the building. Roof garden is different with other kind landscape in the city, it needed cooperation of landscape architect and architect from at the stages of design, construction, upholding and management. We should attach importance to roof garden in the construction of building.

Abstract:Based on the character of short-time non-stationary random signal, the feature of energy distribution of multi-interval-time in millisecond blast signals was investigated by means of the wavelet packet method. Firstly, the characters of wavelet transform and wavelet packet analysis were introduced. Secondly, three single deck blast vibration signals were analyzed by wavelet packet based on software MATLAB and the change of energy distribution curve at different frequency bands was obtained. Finally, the law of energy distribution of single deck blast vibration signals was analyzed and the influence of distance from blasting center on frequency bands energy distribution of blasting vibration signals was principally explored. The results show that the dominant frequency bands of blast vibration signals tend to be low, and its frequency band becomes wider.

Abstract:Several long term creep and cyclic creep tests of Shanghai soft clay are performed in the laboratory. Test results have been obtained under various combinations of confining stresses, deviation static stress ratios and deviation cyclic stress ratios. The results reveal that the axial creep strain increases with the increase of deviation static stress ratio under a constant confining stress, while it also increases with the increase of confining stress under a constant deviation stress ratio. Such a phenomenon is similar to that from the cyclic creep tests, but the following creep strain increase will be significantly reduced after a period of cyclic loading. The results will benefit the expressway, railroad and underground constructions.

Abstract:At present, the logarithm of time and the square root of time methods are usually used to compute consolidation coefficient, from which only a few data were adopted for the consolidation coefficient. At the same time, the two solutions depend on the initial value from the curves and influenced the exactitude of consolidation coefficient directly. So, in this paper, an improved least square method is supposed to compute the consolidation coefficient with testing data. According to the derived formulae, a program is used to compute consolidation coefficient based on Matlab language and to eliminate human error. The computation results show a good effect and give a reduction of errors.

Abstract:Coordinating distribution of water resources of a river across more than one administrative regions is a critic issue connected with rational resource development and environment conservation among different administrative bodies and finally with the resolving problems about water resources distribution among them . By the quantitative analysis and based on META-game theory, this paper has analyzed the conflicts over water distribution among several administrative bodies within the Heihe river basin, and established mathematic models to obtain reasonable recommendation that might benefit and be acceptable to each part in the conflicts in order to end the long time dispute over water distribution in these regions.

Abstract:The existing constitutive models of concrete are mainly based on the framework of the classic elastic -plastic models which are rigorous on mathematics, but not coordinated with the failure mechanism of concrete. Researchers of different countries proposed various kinds of damage constitutive models based on the irreversible thermodynamics theory to describe the damage behavior of concrete. This paper presents a review of different models for concrete,analyzes the characteristics of each representative model and studies the scope of their application. On the basis of the review of existing concrete damage models, some new methods can be provided for further research on damage constitutive models.

Abstract:A total of three experimental specimens of penetrated interior diaphragm on one side had been tested under low-cyclic reversed loading to study the hysteric behavior,strength and stiffness degradation,ductility,energy dissipation capacity and the failure modes.The only difference of all specimens was the axial compression ratio.Experimental results show that the story drift ductility ratios are 2.11~2.32,and the energy dissipation ratios are 1.141~1.502 at the peak load.Additional anti-seismic design and research recommendations are presented.

Abstract:During the process of deep excavation digging,it is an important task to monitor the excavation and affected building to make sure the spot's safety and go on wheels with the schedule.In this article some causation of slip and the calculation methods of freely setting station are first discussed,and then combined with the theory of polar coordinates a forecast method through distortion course curve analysis is put forward.The method with its low cost and speediness,can satisfy the precision requirement and provide the base data for safe evaluating and designing.

Abstract:预测单桩竖向极限承载力是桩基设计中一个重要的问题。在桩基承载能力分析中,有限元分析是一种有效手段。利用ANSYS有限元分析工具,进行桩基静载试验的数值模拟,并在此基础上,利用遗传算法-人工神经网络（简称GA-ANN）反分析方法对部分有限元计算参数进行了反分析研究,提高了利用ANSYS有限元分析工具预测单桩竖向极限承载力的精度。

Abstract:This experiment is one of the improved types of Orbal oxidation ditch technologies belonging to the sewage treatment engineering project to be carried out at the small town in western China supported by the Holland Grant Project.The survey for similar Orbal oxidation ditch was performed on-the-spot for safety of engineering design.The experiment individually focused on the velocity distribution of concentration ellipse shape represented in oxidation ditches existed in sewage treatment plants,and confirmed the rationality of aeration and the submersed flow driver power designed.The result shows: Firstly,for such oxidation ditch,it is easy to cause sediment resulted from complex waterpower of crook,and affect blend condition.Secondly,the sediment is prevalent,especially in some places.Finally,the design power of aeration and submersed flow driver are insufficient.

Abstract:Large amounts of wastewater containing heavy metal ions are discharged into the surrounding,which can't be degraded but only be changed in their forms or transported,diluted and accumulated in the human organisms,so it has serious impact on the health of living things.In order to dispose the wastewater containing many kinds of heavy metal ions,in this experiment,ferrite was adopted to deal with the wastewater containing irons,taking the wastewater of Yunnan Chihong zinc & germanium Co,Ltd as the raw materials.The result shows that the temperature,stirring rate and pH all affected the effect of treatment.A best condition for treatment of the waste water containing heavy metal treatment has been obtained by this experiment.

Abstract:In multistoried or the high-rise civil constructions the full-time machinery hot water circulation supply system design,whether the design parameters for the flow and the lift of circulating pump are appropriate or not,will be related to continuously,safe,stably running of the hot water supply system.This paper introduces parameter selections of hot water circulating pump both at home and abroad.Based on the difference of these selection means it analyzes the calculating means of the flow and the lift of circulating pump.Whether the circulator flow should join the additional circulating flow or not is the focal point in the argument.In China's present "Code for design of building water supply and drainage" the additional circulating flow is considered not flowing through the circulating pump,so in calculation the additional circulating flow does not contain the circulator flow.By analysis of the water distribution operating mode and various ring circuits difference,as well as considering that for the very small circulator flow it is more difficult to use the valve regulation and to achieve balance between various ring circuits resistance loss,inaccessible absolute circulation in the same regulation,short circuit and so on,the circulator flow should be the sum of circulating flow and additional circulating flow.To calculate lift head the additional circulating flow should be considered through the calculating loop.

Abstract:为了考察改进型涡凹气浮设备MCAF-10浓缩剩余活性污泥的性能,在朝阳洲污水处理厂对MCAF-10浓缩剩余污泥进行了试验研究,结果表明：絮凝剂采用FO4440SH,最佳投加量为1.0 kg/tDS,表面活性剂采用1 227,最佳投加量0.2 kg/tDS,最佳固体负荷和水力负荷分别为270 kgMLSS/m^2.d1、10 m^3/m^2.d,出水SS为100～150 mg/L,与CAF-5浓缩剩余活性污泥时最佳固体负荷和水力负荷分别为230 kgMLSS/m^2.d9、0 m^3/m^2.d,出水SS为200～250 mg/L相比,提高了涡凹气浮污泥浓缩工艺的处理能力,降低了出水SS浓度,MCAF工艺比CAF工艺更适合于剩余活性污泥的浓缩。

Abstract:By analyzing the problems and their reasons existed in the water firing prevention system, it is pointed out that the current Chinese firing prevention system is a partial and half-baked one, based solely on the individual building. Fire is an accident to a building, while it is a necessity to a city. Fire fighting is not only the responsibility of individual buildings, but also a part of disaster prevention system. The specialized management, power of fire fighting and salvation of the city nowadays should be reinforced. The responsibility of firing prevention system in a building is to put off the initial flame and prevent the fire extending within the right time, meanwhile to start the fire prevention and contingency measurements of the city.

Abstract:Through analysis on the process of unsteady leakage of gas pipeline,the calculating model of unsteady leakage rate has been established.According to the variable characteristic of unsteady leakage ratio,based on the differential equation of on-flow diffusion,and combining the relevant original and boundary conditions,the diffusion model of unsteady leakage of gas pipeline has been established.Based on the practical application,all of the dangerous areas have been discussed and analyzed.The damaging and destroying areas have been calculated under definite conditions.This will provide safety standards and references for confirming and formulating the safety distance for the important buildings(school etc.) apart from the long high-pressure gas pipeline and main gas pipeline in city.At the same time,this will provide guarantee for reducing the dangerous degree,when accidents happened.

Abstract:研究了柠檬酸对建筑石膏凝结时间与流动度经时性的影响,以及建筑石膏细度、相组成、pH值、水化温度对柠檬酸缓凝性的影响。结果表明：柠檬酸是建筑石膏高效缓凝剂,可有效抑制其流动度经时损失;Ⅲ型无水石膏和二水石膏削弱柠檬酸的缓凝效果,比表面积增加,凝结时间缩短;柠檬酸在弱碱性条件下缓凝效果最好;柠檬酸的缓凝效果对温度很敏感,温度升高,缓凝性降低。

Abstract:A new type of inorganic anchoring material is developed as a substitution for anchoring adhesive to overcome some imperfections in the process of planting reinforcing steel bar.The mix proportion of the anchoring material is determined by experiments.The compressive strength,adhesive force to concrete,volume stability and anchoring force with steel bar are studied.The early strength of the anchoring inorganic material is quite high: for 1d up to 38.5MPa and 3d up to 60MPa.It is a good adhesive to concrete and the adhesive strength of 28d is about 2MPa.The anchoring material will have tiny volume expansion with the age,which is beneficial to enhancing the anchoring force.The essential component of the inorganic anchoring material is cement-based material,so some defects of the organic macromolecular material can be avoided,such as poor stability and requirement for vigorous construction conditions.Its characteristics in early strength,adhesive force to concrete and volume expansion can satisfy the requirement of the construction to the planting reinforcing steel bar and the loading force,thus it can be used as a substituting material for anchoring adhesive.

Abstract:Amino-sulfonic acid-based water-reducer is characterized by high water-reducing rate and restraining the concrete mixture from slump loss with time. The application of amino-sulfonic acid-based waterreducer in concrete mixture was restricted due to its high bleeding. Based on principles of molecular design, the traditional superplasticizer of aminosulfonic acid series was modified by the suitable functional group introduced by monomer A and monomer U. The effects of such product on the fluidity, fluidity loss with time and bleeding rate of cement paste were tested. It was found that the modifying effect of monomer A for the superplasticizer was better than that of monomer U. The dispensability and flow retainability of superplasticizer were strong and the bleeding rate of cement paste added with superplasticizer modified by 9% monomer A was reduced obviously.

Abstract:Trichloroethylene(TCE) solvent used in the asphalt extraction and recovery procedure will do severe harm to human health and environment.It's essential to choose a new solvent-replacement.In this study,a series of solubility,extraction and recovery tests were carried out to compare the effects of new solvent DBE and TCE.It is indicated that the difference in asphalt solubility between two solvents was only 1.0%,and the variation of extracted asphalt content was within 0.3%.Compared with TCE,the penetration of asphalt recovered by new solvent was bigger and the softening point,ductility and viscosity had no evident distinction.The results show that DBE solvent has enough capabilities in asphalt solubility,extraction and less influence on the asphalt recovery.Therefore,it can be a reliable replacement for TCE solvent.

Abstract:Mortgage-backed securities(MBS),originated in the U.S.and introduced into China in 2005,is a vehicle for real estate finance.This paper describes their history,mechanism,development,theory and experiences in the USA and other countries.In China,the real estate finance is partitioned into four stages: first,non-finance stage(1949-1977);second,sprouting stage(1978-1997);third,inceptive stage(1998-2004) and the fourth,developing stage(2005-),and it is distinguished from the finance of Real Estate Development firm.The differences between them are in following aspects: object,objective,mode and risk.This paper analyzes the institutional defects in view of the policy environment,the primary market of MBS,the secondary market of MBS,and offers countermeasures: first,setting up National Housing Mortgage Management Institution,second,enlarging the service scope of housing mortgage-backed loan,third,differential loaning,fourth,regularly issuing the pricing of housing construction;fifth,normalizing the institutional investors.

Abstract:A model of "construction quality assessment space" is designed in this paper,which illustrates construction quality assessment in three aspects as construction types,phases and characteristics.Based on this model,the construction quality assessment system(CQAS) is structured.As a part,the construction quality index(CQI) can be used for evaluating the Chinese construction quality status;and some technical methods such as spot checks and analytic hierarchy process can be used for getting macro and micro construction quality assessment results.

Abstract:After analyzing the current researches with the three-major-goal management: quality,cost and time,on the construction project and aiming at the existing issues,this article puts forward a new method.This method identifies the reliability of every fundamental module(subsystem) suitably,which based on the current standards to analyze and classify the large construction procedure,and was constituted by the construction procedure.Also was considered the three-major-goal(quality,cost and time) of every module.Then the reliability of the large construction project was calculated,the qualified standards of reliability were evaluated,and the general and particular frame was optimized.Furthermore,it raises a new conception of the comprehensive control technique considering the reliability of the three-major-goal synthetically.This article explores a new way to ensure the three major unified goals: quality,cost and time,of the construction project management,and makes sure that the process of the construction project was in an ideal condition.

Abstract:Stock model of economical order batch is established under the objective of maximum total profit according to the hypotheses of constant demand rate.Based on these facts,the author suggests that the stock model of economical order batch is established under the objective of maximum total profit in system according to the hypotheses of demand rate's relying on selling price.From which one extended a model can be deduced.By using extreme-value theory,the model is proven mathematically and the method of solution is deduced for optimal order batch,optimal selling price and how to define optimal order cycle,and the sensitivity analysis has been made.One applied example is also given.

Abstract:The determination of load share between teeth is a complex problem in gear strength calculation. On the basis of contact finite element method this paper considers the production-assembly error as initial gap to get the finite element model which meets load share between teeth in gear meshing. Through calculating and comparing the result with that from ISO formula to get the load share between teeth which meets the requirements in actual usage.

Abstract:There are several methods to cope with the common problem of the uneven subsidence of foundation. The reason for uneven settlement of foundation of the frame structure was analyzed in this paper. Considering the limitation of the construction site and the principle of consolidation, a feasible reinforcement measure was taken. Meanwhile, a practical construction pattern was chosen upon the comparison of the reinforcement technology analysis and the construction method. The observation of the settlement result after consolidation of the structure shows that the result of this reinforcement treatment pattern is effective.