Abstract:

Abstract:In order to explore the effectiveness and feasibility of urban green space on regulating urban rainfall-runoff pollution, the simulated test of soil column was adopted to study the effects of vegetation cover, runoff pollution concentration, soil depth and groundwater, and hydraulic loading rate and residence time on reducing the pollutants by green space. The results indicate that green space has a good and stable ability to reduce three stormwater runoff pollution concentrations, which COD are 68, 137 and 550 mg/L, TN are 3.01, 7.51 and 30.06 mg/L, TP are 0.29, 0.69 and 2.73 mg/L, and NH+4 are 0.44, 1.61 and 2.19 mg/L respectively, with 3.5, 3.0 and 2.5 cm/h hydraulic loading rate respectively and continuous inflow 1h. The pollution reduction rates of COD, TN, TP and NH+4 by green space reach to 41.52%, 78.96% and 84.68%, 50.21%, 70.23% and 60.91%, 73.18%, 95.88% and 94.99%, and 62.72%, 55.16% and 69.98% respectively. Restricted by the soil reaeration capacity and hydraulic retention time, the effect of vegetation cover on pollution reduction rates of COD and TN is not significant. With the rainfall-runoff pollution concentration increased, the pollutant reduction rate of green space shows a gradually increasing trend. The reduction of green space on the stormwater runoff pollution mainly occurs in the soil depth of 35~65 cm. The reduction rate of each pollutant for the low, medium and high pollution concentration level decrease with the hydraulic loading rate increased.

Abstract:In order to investigate the temperature distribution of Qinghai-Tibet railway roadbed, based on the governing equations used to study forced convection for incompressible fluids porous media, the finite element formulae for heat convection in porous media are derived by using Galerkin’s method and taking air streamline function and temperature in porous media as basic variables. The temperature fields in October of the common ballast roadbed and the special ballast roadbed with crushed rock underlayer, constructed on July 15, have been analyzed and compared as they would have been used for 50 a under climatic and geological conditions on Qinghai-Tibet railway. The calculated results indicate that the common ballast roadbed will raise permafrost temperature under the roadbed base as well as lead to unsymmetrical temperature field distribution of roadbed and high temperature thawing zone under the sunny side, consequently it causes the permafrost roadbed thermal unstability. The special ballast roadbed with crushed rock interlayer will reduce permafrost temperature under the roadbed and provide cold energy for the roadbeds, also it can lead to symmetrical distribution of roadbed temperature field, which can eliminate the disasters that result in uneven settlement with longitudinal cracks within the roadbed. Therefore, it is highly recommended that the roadbed with crushed rock underlayer may be taken as Qinghai-Tibet railway embankment structure in high temperature permafrost regions so that permafrost embankment can be protected as possible as it should be.

Abstract:Based on the modal assurance criterion, using simulated annealing algorithm, the dynamic characteristic data of cable-stayed bridge are extracted, optimal acceleration sensor layout scheme of main beam is obtained. According to this optimization scheme, we carry out a dynamic characteristics test on one cable-stayed bridge. The results between test data and finite element modal calculation are very closely. Theory technique research and field modal test demonstrated that the simulated annealing algorithm based on modal assurance criterion is effective and viable for optimal acceleration sensors placement of cable-stayed bridge.

Abstract:Finite element model has been built for an equipment module of one nuclear plant. Several boundary conditions were compared in this analysis to illustrate the importance of the proper boundary condition and assumptions. A standard embedment model was built to analyze the reactions of the bolts under different conditions and assumptions to get a better method for design.

Abstract:In order to explore the best adsorbent and new way of removing phosphorus, this trial uses coal fly ash with PFS and alkali modified coal fly ash to deal with phosphorus in Secondary Effluent. The results: using the coal fly ash with PFS to deal with the model wastewater of 3mg/L, the removing rate can reach 72%. The combination of coal fly ash and PFS can make adsorption and coagulation express synergistic effect, and strengthen the Coagulation Effect. Using the NaOH modified coal fly ash to deal with phosphorus in Secondary Effluent, when dosage is 8g and stirs for 5min in 30r/min, the removing rate can reach 90%. After modified, coal fly ash expresses the adsorption, at the same time coal fly ash and phosphoric acid root ion settles, and strengths the treatment effect. Comparative analysis of the two methods, the NaOH modified coal fly ash can remove phosphorus effective and realize spate separation. This method can reduce the cost, and the metod is easy. It is worth to extensive application.

Abstract:This article describes the main methods of seismic reinforcement for a single cross-frame structure, and analyze the methods of seismic strengthening and calculation which pouring the shearwall in a school building. PKPM series software is adopted to make contrastive analysis on pre-strengthened and post-strengthened structure of the program.

Abstract:Based on solving the actual problems in the condition of the rapid growing necessity of elderly residence in China, this essay introduces the experience of building the elderly residence in Catalonia autonomic district in Spain. It is a progress of thirty years development under the supervising of the autonomic government full with social and human care conscious, which gives a good example which is different from the American model, to the related organizations as a new reference for establishing the advanced elderly residence program in China.

Abstract:On the construction of large-span prestressed box beam Cantilever, the parameter frequent changes in concrete modulus E, coefficient of thermal expansion α.In a certain temperature case, the change of concrete parameters will cause the changes on internal stress and strain of the bridge and the difference of the changes will affect the bridge safety. Accordingly,based on a bridge cross-section of a temperature field and combined with the actual bridge construction, give concrete Cantilever bridge parameters change, calculated and analyzed the sphere of influence of parameters on the stress and strain fields of bridge, asked the law of sensitivity on stress changes. Summarize the sensitivity factors of temperature stress which is used to improve bridge safety.

Abstract:Whether the international economic and financial environment pressure or domestic economy grows dynamical inadequacy suggests that the economy may enter a downward cycle in 2012. Policy is still the most important factor which will determine the trend of the real estate market. In the face of tighter monetary environment, limiting the purchase, credit limit, limit and strict regulation of real estate and the rapid growth of the low-income housing supply, housing price quantity fall into a downward trend, market situation is complex and severe. Strengthening the construction of internal control in the real estate enterprise is effective means to manage enterprise strictly, innovate in management, improve management efficiency ,prevent various risks, achieve business objectives and goals .Through the internal control principle in the real estate and the necessity of analysis , the paper presents the main control measures in the real estate development process.

Abstract:In order to realize the performance target of “no collapse under rare earthquake” based on the seismic design according to structural influencing coefficient, three moment-resisting steel frames have been designed with similar probability of collapse in accordance with Chinese Seismic Code. The structural influencing coefficient of steel frames were determined through the incremental dynamic analysis method, and within equal collapse design rule. This paper proposed a method to define structural influencing coefficient can provide reference for determining the design seismic force of steel frame reasonably.

Abstract:Combined with the engineering practice, the method of large span post tensioned prestressed box beam construction technology was introduced, which can provide the reference for the similar project.

Abstract:Making use of large finite element analysis software ANSYS, combine with the mine shaft tower actual frame tube structure project to model analysis, by means of concrete performance of mine shaft tower under the effect of horizontal load, come to a conclusion that beam column stiffness ratio has a great influence on shear lag effect. Then analyse the phenomenon of beam column stiffness ratio to shear lag effect, make a comparison on calculated results and simulation analysis results, to move an improved method. It has a great guiding significance for the mine shaft tower structural design.

Abstract:Progressive Collapse Analysis (PCA) is the base of quantitative assessment of progressive collapse-resisting capacity and progressive collapse-resisting design. There has been heightened interest among researchers of civil engineering in PCA. PCA of planar RC frame is carried on by vertical nonlinear dynamic analysis based on alternate load path method. According to responses of damage structure, progressive collapse-resisting capacity of remaining structure is evaluated. Two cases of removal of elements are analyzed, removal of columns at different stories on the same axes one by one and removal of all columns on the same axes at the same time. According to analysis of the effect of failure duration on structural progressive collapse, it is showed that the response of remaining structure is highly sensitive to failure duration of elements. The results indicate that vertical nonlinear dynamic analysis is an efficient method of progressive collapse-resisting design and progressive collapse-resisting capacity analysis.

Abstract:Numerical simulation of typical industrial plant was conducted by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The influences of distances between fresh air inlet and ground on thermal environment and distribution of pollutant concentration in working zone were discussed when the heat source intensity and pollutant source were fixed. The main features of industrial plant with heat source were analyzed. The air velocity in working zone and the radiation between the wall surfaces should be considered for comprehensive evaluation of the thermal environment of industrial plant. Heat stress index, HSI, was introduced as thermal index to evaluate the thermal environment. Results showed that lifted fresh air inlet was not only helpful to increase the ventilation rate and the air velocity which improve the thermal environment in working zone, but also to decrease the mean pollutant emission concentration in the plant. When the distances between fresh air inlet and ground increased, the ventilation rate and the air velocity in working zone increased and the HIS and pollutant concentration decreased. When the distances between fresh air inlet and ground exceeded 1.2 m, the ventilation rate and the air velocity in working zone tended to be constant.

Abstract:Geological conditions of Jinping I Hydropower diversion tunnel is very complicated, it has the following characteristics, such as high geostress and developmental faults and joints, several collapse occurred in the construction process. A brief introduction is given to the geological conditions of Jinping I Hydropower diversion tunnel, based on discrete element method, Major joints and faults were simulated, and calculation models were built. By calculation and analysis, Rules and characteristics of deformation and failure for rock diversion tunnel has been obtained. After the diversion tunnel was excavated, high geostress were released, structural surface relaxation and slip. Side wall generated vertical cracks, vault take place chipping. With deformation increasing, the structural plane was further slip and open, dome support weakened, leading to collapse.

Abstract:Based on the experiment on two-span continuous deep beams with web openings bearing concentrated load, setting a series of finite element simulation specimens and establishing finite element model by finite element analysis software ANSYS, the influences of the strength of concrete, the open hole size, the hole position, vertical reinforcement ratio and horizontal reinforcement ratio on bearing capacity and deflection of specimens were contrasted when imposed respectively.

Abstract:First of all, using the low-frequency vibration test on asphalt, rubber asphalt warehouse and their RTFOT Short-term aging products have been tested ;Secondly, application of graphic epitaxial method, Cross model and Carreau model fitting for various materials Zero shear viscosity were determined;finally, the creep of matrix asphalt recovery test, creep through phase and recovery phase of asphalt strain response calculation, obtained under the action of static Shi Zai matrix zero shear viscosity of asphalt.The study shows that: Matrix asphalt in low frequency vibration test, with the lower frequency will enter the viscosity stable stage, can use graphical extrapolation method to get the zero shear viscosity; however for RTFOT after aging of asphalt rubber, in a test condition did not enter the viscosity stability phase, not through a graphical extension method to calculate the zero shear viscosity; by Cross model fitting results greater than the same material Carreau model fitting results.

Abstract:Because of low temperature, deficient oxygen and bad nature condition, it is difficult to construction in high altitude. In order to solve the difficult of the electric transmission engineering construction, the holding pole with modular mast section was researched and manufactured. The mast section was designed to be multi-pieces assembly and select rational derrick material.〖JP〗 It can minimize weight of singleton to decrease labor intensity in transported and reassembled. It is also helped to mechanical transport、loading and unloading. After detection and experiment, the first holding pole was used in the No.453 and No.421 steel tower construction in the Section 10 of the Qingzang electric transmission engineering construction.

Abstract:Under the impetus of China's urbanization and industry updates, the high-tech new towns (areas) are developing rapidly with an unprecedented scale. The areas which being rich in the natural environment resources, but weak in traffic up are also included in the urban construction lands, and often these urban construction lands is a new city or high-tech development zone of choice. In the city's character building and natural resource protection, the high-tech new town (area) has a lot of issues such as the popular gathering, environmental protection, investment and so on. In this paper, Yantai City of Shandong high-tech Development Zone, an instance of the urban design for the card, summary of the Binhai New Science and Technology Park development characteristics and design requirements, refining the design concept and strategy, shaping the features multi-purpose, rich in content, distinct features of the city park life designed to provide a reference for similar urban planning and design.

Abstract:This paper discusses the failure of the network, and draws a fault tree of the water distribution network. And on that basis, the fault tree is investigated through the qualitative and quantitative analysis.

Abstract:Through study of the rule of the air current between the metro stations which had installed the safety door system and the tunnel, this text established a physics model and a mathematics model, gained the mix coefficient which can marks the degree of the influence stopcock wind in metro inflict to the heat environment, exerting reasonable assumption and simplification, making use of the CFD imitation, adopting tracer air. The text elected three kinds of safety door system with different height to simulate and compare, gained the exact value of the mix coefficient, and simulated the energy consumption of subway air conditioning in different height of safety door by the mix coefficient.

Abstract:According to some basic theories of physics of frozen soil, heat transfer, frozen soil mechanics and frozen soil rheology, a mathematical model for moisture, heat and stress analysis of frozen embankment is established, in which the moisture and heat field are interacted with each other, the mechanical properties of frozen soil is decided by soil temperature and a in-situ test creep equation of frozen soil is also introduced. Meanwhile, its finite element program is written. Then, an experimental section of Qinghai-Tibet is taken as example, and the thermal-mechanical stability of the embankment is studied in detail. Through comparing with observational data, it is found that, the proposed analytical model is correct and reasonable, and it can well describe and predict the long-term stability of the embankment of Qinghai-Tibet railway.

Abstract:Galloping of iced conductors under skew winds is always controlling condition. The aerodynamic parameters of iced conductors under skew winds is the key factor of galloping. This paper studies aerodynamic characteristics of crescent iced conductors under skew winds. Under skew winds aerodynamic coefficients of iced conductors carries on the examination on the traditional oblique wind decomposition method.using computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT numerical simulation and wind tunnel test on two kinds of methods, the iced conductor in under skew wind aerodynamic characteristics are studied, the wind tunnel test measured data and numerical simulation results a comparison is drawn, numerical simulation and experimental results are in good agreement.

Abstract:As kindergarten class decorate enhancement, to the requirement of the electrical design more and more is also high. This paper is based on the present of the more common kindergarten, respectively from the design and high voltage electricity design two aspects and so on many small point to electrical design in this paper.

Abstract:Joints are the most important parts of the space structure, the load-derormation curve (hysteretic curve) under repeated loading is the comprehensive reflection of their mechanical properties such as ductility, energy dissipation capacity, strength, stiffness and so on. By the simulation experiment analysis and the finite element simulation between the two models of hidden welding and no-welding hidden in K-type node in the chord axial reciprocating load resulted in the failure modes and hysteretic curve, the result of comparative analysis about finite elements is consistent with that of experiment study. The results show that the destroyment at hidden welding seam node is partly, the take-over is broken down at the welds finally. The welding line is destroyed overall when facing the destroyment of no-welding node. The carrying capacity of the hidden welding is obvious. Through the finite element simulation analysis instead of phase through node hysteretic performance test is feasible.

Abstract:Based on the analysis of influencing factors chloride ion diffusion in concrete and the simplified model induced by Fick's second law, a chloride ion diffusion model was established, in which , the influences of water-cement ratio, humidity, time, temperature, chloride ion binding capacity of concrete and freeze-thaw cycle are taken into consideration. The Validity of the new model is verified through the comparison of results between the proposed model and the existing analytic /numerical model. Compared with the analytic model, the proposed model can consider the seasonal change of humidity and temperature,and the time-variant effect of freeze-thaw cycle.Compared with the numerical model, the computational efficiency of the proposed model is higher.

Abstract:To analyze the safety of elevator system quantitatively, the risk factor weights aiming at the risk evaluation for elevator system are analyzed based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in this paper. The Accident Tree Analysis (ATA) is also introduced to analyze accidents leading to the dangers during elevator running as the basis of weight assignment. The risk evaluation model of elevator system is built and its safety grade is set. The quantitative assessment for elevator system through linear weighted sum law is implemented. This method combining AHP and ATA in this paper avoids subjectivity and one-sidedness of weights indexes caused by expert-scoring method. This elevator system risk evaluation system provides feasible method of assessing safety grade subjectively.

Abstract:In the sinking process of large-scale caisson, the distribution of the shaft friction and the end resistance is the main controlling factor of the sinking feasibility, but the research based on large-diameter piles and small or medium-scale caissons are no longer applicable. With the real-time monitoring data of the south anchorage caisson sinking process of Yangtze River Highway Bridge in Ma An Shan, this paper analyses the underlying principles and the mechanical characteristics in the sinking process of the large-scale caisson foundation, Verify the applicability of different formulas of the foundation ultimate bearing capacity in the of the caisson; Contrast sink to different depths , the value and the distribution rules of the shaft friction and the end resistance, this paper also modifies the formulas and distribution characteristics of the shaft friction proposed by current specifications, and the conclusions are suitable for reference of similar scale projects.

Abstract:For multilayer concrete structure, the seismic ability of the ground floor column is very poor, improving the seismic fortification intensity of structure is adopted in this paper, the axial force, shear and moment of beam and column are calculated and analyzed in seven degree and eight degree seismic fortification intensity. Numerical results show that with improving the fortification intensity of the structure, the axial force, shear and moment of beam and column increase and the change of the ground floor is the most prominent. In earthquake the destruction of the structure mainly happens in the ground floor column, so this problem is solved fundamentally with increasing fortification intensity in architectural design.

Abstract:The research object is the coupled heat transfer effect between freezing soil,water and horizontal heat exchange tube,use finite volume numerical method to dispersed solving for continuity equation and heat transfer equation of unsaturated freezing soil,gives part of the temperature fields and freezing percentage distribution graphs,and analyzes the reason of the coupled heat transfer.The analysis result shows that:the temperature field of freezing soil are some horizontal lines parallelling to the ground surface.The peak value of solid-liquid phase change region appears in the upper part where there is backwater pipe,the low value appears in the place where there isn't horizontal heat exchange tube.The horizontal heat exchange tube makes the freezing front deviate towards the ground surface.The arrangement difference of inlet and outlet position of horizontal heat exchange tube will effect the size and position of the phase change region of freezing soil.Arranging the backwater pipe at one side or middle position is the optimized mode.

Abstract:Sludge adhesion on the inside wall of drying equipments may affect sludge drying performance. Effects of drying conditions on sludge adhesion were investigated by thermal drying experiments. It was found that sludge water content was the main important factor impacting sludge adhesion quantity. When sludge water content decreased with thermal drying, the adhesion quantity increased. The adhesion quantity reached the maximum value when sludge water content decreased to about 60%. The further drying reduced the adhesion quantity gradually. The heating temperature had almost no impact on sludge adhesion when the heating temperature was no higher than 120℃, while the adhesion quantity increased with the increasing heating temperature when the heating temperature was higher than 120℃. Conduction heating would lead to more sludge adhesion compared with convection heating. Rough heating interface would also help sludge adhesion.

Abstract:In order to ensure that the T shaped steel reinforced concrete short-pier shear wall ductile shear failure occurs, the failure mechanism on the basis of experimental research, using ANSYS finite element analysis software to simulate the failure mode. In the process of analysis considered the influence factors of horizontal steel reinforcement ratio, concrete strength, axial compression ratio and the content of steel. The results show: the level of reinforced volume reinforcement ratio, concrete strength and the content of steel can obviously change the the bearing capacity and ductility of components.

Abstract:Utilizing relative dynamic elastic modulus and weight loss of concrete as evaluation indices, the frost resistance of concrete with 0.45 water-cement ratio and different recycled aggregate replacement proportions was studied in the water and 3.5% sodium chloride solution. The mass proportions of recycled aggregate are 25%, 50% and 75%, respectively. Furthermore, the frost resistance of the modified concrete with 5% and 10% rubber powder volume fractions replacing fine aggregates was studied. The results show that: the frost resistance of concrete decreases with the increase of recycled aggregate, when the recycled aggregate mass fractions are 25% and 50%, its influence on the frost resistance of concrete is little, and mixing rubber powders can effectively improve the frost resistance of concrete; when the recycled aggregate mass fraction reaches 75%, its effect on the frost resistance of concrete is significant, and mixing rubber powders has certain improvement effect, but compared with the benchmark group of concrete the maximum freeze-thaw cycles decreases more than 30%. In water frozen test, the weight loss is small and the relative dynamic elastic modulus loss is quite obvious. The frost resistance is better when adding 5% volume fraction of rubber powders. In salt frozen test, the main characteristic is the weight loss exceeds the requirements. The frost resistance is better when adding 10% volume fraction of rubber powders. The improvement effect of rubber powder to the frost resistance of concrete in salt solution is much better than that in water.

Abstract:The soils have anisotropic properties in the deposition process, so regarding the soil as anisotropy medium is more reasonable. Considering the interaction of the soil and lining, and based on the theory of saturated porous medium and elastic, the harmonic coupled vibrations of the transversely isotropic soil and lining with a partially sealed circular tunnel are investigated subjected to the harmonic load in the frequency domain. The analytical expressions of the displacement, stress and pore water pressure of the transversely isotropic soil and lining are obtained by the stress continuous in the inner boundary of the lining and stress and displacement coordination at the interface of the soil and lining. The boundary conditions for partial permeable of the tunnel are established by the fluid velocity equality at the lining and soil. Then, the specific expressions of undetermined coefficient are given. The influence of material and geometric parameter of the soil and lining are studied by the numerical example, it is shown that the elastic modulus in the transversely isotropic plane has a great influence on the system dynamic responses, while the influence of elastic modulus vertical the transversely isotropic is smaller. In addition, the relative permeable coefficient and the lining thickness have big impacts on the responses amplitude, while the influence of poisson’s ratio of lining is smaller.

Abstract:The bending tests and theoretical analysis of five full-scale bamboo scrimber components were conducted and the flexural behavior of bamboo scrimber was researched in detail. Results show that the typical failure modes of bamboo scrimber flexural components are the bamboo fiber fracture at the bottom and interlaminar shear failure near the neutral axis. The sectional stiffness control the design for the bamboo scrimber flexural components, the ratio of PL/250 of the load corresponding to the deflection limit value of L/250 and ultimate load Pmax has good stability. The relationship model of bending tensile strength fm and elastic modulus E was established by regression, which shows that the sectional stiffness expressed by the elastic modulus could predict the bearing capacity well. The plane-section assumption is still valid. The bamboo calculation methods of scrimber flexural components were proposed considering the materials properties of bamboo scrimber based on wood structure design methods. The design value of bamboo bending strength, shear strength parallel to grain and the elastic modulus E were presented preliminarily.

Abstract:Current electrical distribution system for public buildings generally can collect the total energy consumption for a certain unit or a floor only. However, the amount of energy consumption in different kinds can be calculated by splitting, which may realize dynamic, accurate and prompt collections of industrial regulatory information; the sharing of data resources and should be able to provide scientific foundation while the competent department of construction administration are making development plans of construction energy conservation and policies of macroscopic readjustment and control.

Abstract:Three different types of connections (dog-bone connection, bolted end-plate connection and T-stub connection) were analyzed using finite element software-ABAQUS. The dynamic behavior of connections following the column damage during progressive collapse were concluded through the analysis of load-rotation relationship when different impact loads were applied. The results showed that the forming of catenry mechanism failed during the process of progressive collapse when sufferring from impact load. And the reduced flange and bolts were the weakest parts of beam-column connections. Meanwhile, ductility method was suggested assessing the behaivor of connections. Defining the rate of ultimate rotaion capacity under impact load (θmax ) and rotation that began to form catenry (θc) as the ductility of connection. When the rate greater than 1.0, it suggested that the connection had the ability to develop catenry and the higher the rate is, the higher the security reserve capacity of the structure. This method could be used to design structures of anti-collapse economiclly and properly.

Abstract:In the Wenchuan earthquake, steep dip bedding slope is a kind of slope that seismic mountain disaster very development and the slope earthquake disaster is often exacerbated by the excavation. In order to reproduce the process and analysis regularity of slope deformation and failure under the action of seismic load. The author chooses San Shuping landslide located Pingwu County as the typical examples of steep dip excavation damage bedding slope, and the indoor physical model test of slope deformation and failure under the action of seismic load are carried out. The results show that slope deformation and failure is intensified by the excavation. Collapse and sliding is the main form of failure and the results consistent with the field investigation. From the whole process of deformation and failure of view, it can be divided into the four stages. First, the initial phase of the earthquake. A wedge rock by excavation small slides along the rock layers and the slope toe stress increase sharply under the action of seismic load in this stage. Second, rock layers by excavation break-bend at slope toe. Third, the rock layers by excavation overall decline stage. Last, the rock slide blocked and dumping.

Abstract:The experiment took bath wastewater as research object and adopted aluminum, iron and organic macromolecule as coagulants to examine the removal rates of LAS from bathing wasterwater,Determinted the PAC as the furthest coagulation,and the influenced factors such as the dosage of coagulation,the pH value,the sedimentation time,the stirring speed and stirring time were discussed using a method of one factor experiment,the result showed that the best operating conditions is that the doesage of45mg/L for PAC, 6.0~8.0 pH, 15min sedimentation time, 150r/min for 3min and 50r/min for 10min, the removal rates of LAS is 45.75%.

Abstract:By summarizing the main problems about the traditional rainwater drainage pattern in China, the main idea and excellences of low impact development (LID) city rainwater management pattern are introduced. Four aspects about the LID pattern extension strategy in China are put forward, which include innovative extension, innovation development, diversity application and digital analogy. According to the strategy, traditional extension pattern called “from point to area” can be changed. LID would be applied to urban reconstruction, rural area development and water environment management. Digital analogy technology should be given more attention because it can enhance the scientific and feasible of the LID pattern.

Abstract:Laboratory experimental research is performed by strengthing three different types of soil with low proportional cement to test the unconfined compressive strength of such cemented soil under different dosages of Ca(OH)2 and the different ages. The variation rules and causes of the unconfined compressive strength of these three types of age-different cemented soil with increasing the dosage of Ca(OH)2 are analyzed. The results shows that the intensity of red clay cement improves most obviously with Ca(OH)2 content increased, followed by silty clay, and sand is the weakest. The reason is that the fineness of the soil affect the strength of the cement greatly. The finer the soil, the more clay minerals in soil. The increase in Ca(OH)2 content promotes the ion exchange and the occurrence of volcanic ash, which improves the strength of cemented soil. Among the three types of soil in this experiment, the fineness of red clay particles is the best, so the intensity of red clay cement improves most obviously with Ca(OH)2 content increased.

Abstract:Automatic pile body stress test system is used in an in-situ static loading test. It’s found that strain process line has a step-like feature. When unloading, as the rebound amount of soil is less than the amount of pile body, negative frictional resistance exists in the soil. It’s considered that concrete damage model can explain the modulus “reduced” phenomenon of calibration section’s concrete. Based on damage mechanics theory, a function of modulus of concrete and its own strain are obtained. According to actual strain of pile body, different modulus are adopted to calculate pile body stress. The in-situ test results show that this method is more reasonable.

Abstract:The active confinement for the core concrete can be provided by lateral pre-tensioned FRP, the stress hysteresis of FRP can be avoided, and good confinement effect for concrete columns can be got. It must cause large error if adopt the calculated model and constitute model of concrete columns confined with non-pretentioned FRP. The initial confined stress and effective confined stress associated with the lateral pre-stress were introduced. According to the test results and finite element simulation, the calculated model on peak stress, peak strain, ultimate stress and ultimate strain of circular concrete columns confined with lateral pre-tensioned FRP were proposed, and the initial elastic modulus of circular concrete columns confined with lateral pre-tensioned FRP was analyzed. Based the exiting stress-strain models of circular concrete columns confined with FRP, the three linear stress-strain model of circular concrete columns confined with lateral pre-tensioned FRP was recommended, and good agreement between theoretical and test results is achieved.

Abstract:Test of mechanical performance to hydraulic mass concrete is still in the presence of wet-screened tests from small-scaled samples. But, wet-screened tests of concrete is often picked out large aggregates above 40mm. Test results from wet-screened concrete’s samples must different from it’s full-graded tests and not exactly reflect mechanical performance of dam’s concrete. Based on demand of concrete’s design strength of Jinping I Arch Dam, lots of full-graded tests from uniaxial compression, tension, limit tension and elastic modular were completed. Dam concrete’s uniaxial tension strength ratio between full-graded and wet-screened tests of 180d age fluctuates to 0.661, 0.637 and 0.690 for design strength of C180 40、C180 35、C180 30. Similarly, its limit tension strains ratio of 90d age is 0.583, 0.579 and 0.573. Under the influence of large aggregates, the elastic modular from full-graded tests is above it from its wet-screened tests.

Abstract:The relation between the deflection check coefficient (ηy) of mid-span and first vertical flexural frequency check coefficient (ηf) was established based on theory of the uniform cross-section simple-supported beam. The variation and difference between the ηy and 1/η2f of a simple-supported six girder bridge were researched by simulation under these situations: change of the bearing stiffness; change of the boundary conditions; the floor system enhanced the structural stiffness; local damage of the superstructure. The static loading test and dynamic characteristic test of two fabricated simple-supported T girder bridges were taken to get the measured ηy and 1/η2f. Simulation and experimental results show that 1/η2f can instead ηy to reflect the structural stiffness of the simple-supported girder bridge and rapid assess its load-bearing capacity.

Abstract:The population of university town increases sharply these days, the quality of atmospheric environments continues to deteriorate, and the carrying capacity of environments declines dramatically. People`s environmental awareness is gradually increasing and the demand for quality of life is higher and higher.In order to protect the quality of atmospheric environments, mitigate the adverse effects of population expansion of the university town on the atmospheric environments, and promote the sustainable development of social and economic benefits, to carry out this project is essential. Based on the university town`s existing land-use planning and environmental quality, combined with regional meteorological data, the article uses mathematical modeling to estimate the atmospheric environmental capacity of regional conventional pollution factor. Also, according to the survey data based on per capita resource consumption, this article statistically analyzes the unit of pollutant emissions and regional pollutants emissions. Based on the estimates of environmental capacity, it demonstrates the rationality of existing planning of the university town and also feedback from the perspective of the protection of the atmospheric environment on the population size control of the university town.

Abstract:In order to research the influence of the earth fissure’s activity to properties of soil near the earth fissure zone, the existed research conclusions is summarized and some open questions is pointed out. Through soil’s physical and mechanical property tests and scanning electron microscope tests, the variation law of soil’s physical and mechanical properties near the earth fissure and its relationship with soil’s micro-textures characteristics are explained. The results show that earth fissure’s section attribute is variable in different depth and correspondingly the properties and micro-textures of soil near the earth fissure are also changed. Near the surface, the earth fissure is extension fracture; below a certain depth, the micro-textures of earth fissure surface and surrounding soil become more compact, but this influence circle is very limited. Consequently, the physical and mechanical properties of soil also have some changes compared with undisturbed samples, for example, the porosity ratio becomes smaller but the density bigger, and so on. But from macroscopic view, the change of soils’ properties due to earth fissure activity is not very significant which will hardly make influence to engineering project.

Abstract:Based on the beam have been designed by the code for design of concrete structures in China, the value of some parameters were converted into the corresponding value which are from the code in America and Europe by the conversion formula, and then the calculation and control of the maximum crack width of reinforced concrete structure come from these three code were compared and analyzed . The results show that the value of the maximum crack width obtained from the code in China is larger than American and European, but under the similar work environment, the control of the maximum crack width with the code in China is relatively stricter.

Abstract:Based on the concept and characteristics of disaster resilience, technical robustness and organizational robustness were discussed by updating trunk lines of urban water supply system for two different earthquake magnitudes, M 6.5 and M 7.0 respectively, where lifeline earthquake loss model was taken as a starting point. Monte Carlo based GIRAFFE model was adopted in this research. Result shows that retrofit of trunk lines is helpful for both technical robustness and organizational robustness, and the updating effect would become more significant as the earthquake magnitude increases. Furthermore, criticalness of pipelines is not determined by the earthquake magnitude, but as time goes it depends on their respective locations in the system and system configuration. At the moment instantly after earthquake, the pipelines which are located at the center of system would be more critical; while 24 hours later, the pipelines which are closer to the reservoir will become more critical.

Abstract:Aerobic granules with mean sizes of 1300μm and 900μm were seeded with nitrifying activated sludge in sequencing batch reactors (SBR) in this study. The results show that ammonia removal efficiency of the small-size granules increased to 90% within 2 weeks, while big-size granules got to the same level in 3 weeks. It is speculated that small-size granules had greater increasing nitrification rate for their bigger surface area and greater absorption ability when seeded with nitrifying activated sludge, which caused fast seeding of nitrifying bacteria in R2. Through cycle analysis, it shows that it took about 2.5h for the both reactors to remove ammonia in the system, though the nitrification rate in R1 (0.033d-1 ) is lower that that of R2 (0.033d-1 ). The higher biomass concentration in R1 (10g/l) than that in R2 (6g/l) explains. At the same, it was found that total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal efficiency in R1 was higher than that in R2, i.e. 64.7% vs. 57.3%, which was resulted from the bigger anoxic zone in R1.

Abstract:The small urban watershed storm runoff model of mountain city, which bases on the hydrological method and ArcEngine extension programming was developed aim at stimulating the flood situation, locating the flooding area, computing the subsiding time of flood, utilization and management of the stormwater through the rainfall data. The model was used in Panxi basin of Chongqing. The simulated situation showed that the Nash-Suttcliffe coefficient Ens is 0.56-0.76, the relatively error is 8.82%-11.8%. According to the parameter sensitivity analysis the most sensitivity parameters of the model are width of subcatchment, slope, manning coefficient and impermeable area rate. The model had analyzed the flow, full degree and number of overflowed wells to evaluate drainage capability of drainage system. Results showed that 0.52% of the drainage pipes were overload under one-year storm; compared with 5.86% and 8.20% under fifty-year storm and one-hundred-year storm respectively. By comparing the flow depth inside the wells with the placing depth the assessment results showed that 0.72% of the wells had spillover under one-hundred-year storm and 0.31% of the wells had spillover under one -year. Overall the model achieves effective management of storm runoff and assessment of the water drainage system capacity in mountainous city.

Abstract:For the phenomenon of resonance effects in buildings acoustic, the resonance interaction at the vocalitical vibrant caused by the inharmonic vibration is discussed. Based on the perturbation theory, the influences of the resonance interaction between the two and three vibronic levels on the level energy, wavefunction, and the spectral line intensity are investigated in detail respectively. The analytical expressions of the vibronic level energy, wavefunction, and spectral line intensity with the consideration of the resonance interaction are also obtained under the third order inharmonic approximation.

Abstract:Computational fluid dynamics is used to simulate the hydraulic efficiency of the ozone contactor in A water plant in Beijing and to optimize the contactor by calculating the retention time distribution (RTD) of the fluid. The result shows that the value of T10 /HRT of the existing contactor is 0.466, and the phenomenon of obvious short circuiting and backflow which result in low hydraulic efficiency exists in the contactor. After optimization, the value of T10 /HRT of the contactor in the presence of guide plates is 0.561, making the hydraulic efficiency increased by 20.38%. However, the value of T90 /HRT is 1.316, which means that the phenomenon of backflow existed. The value of T10 /HRT of the contactor in the presence of horizontal baffles is 0.540, making the hydraulic efficiency increased by 15.88%, and the value of T90 /HRT reduces to 0.821. That means the concentration ratio of RTD increased, and the hydraulic efficiency of whole flow field is improved significantly in the presence of horizontal baffles.

Abstract:Tests are carried out on the filtration and organized forms of pure water flow and pond water flow using two kinds of flow channel porous ceramic membrane. Results show that for the two kinds of porous ceramic membranes, their removal efficiency of turbidity degree, chroma, CODMn and UV254 are nearly the same. The filtering quality of fan-channel porous ceramic membrane is better than that of circular-channel porous ceramic membrane, and the filtration flux of the former is 1.45 times the flux of the latter.

Abstract:The concrete was equivalent to a three-ingredient compound material, which was composed by aggregate, mortar and interface transition zone (ITZ). The random aggregate model was established using the Monte Carlo method. The relation between linear stress and crack was analyzed, which was used to describe the mechanics of concrete ingredients. The extended finite element method was used to simulate the failure response to various ITZ characteristics of concrete under uniaxial tension. With the tensile strength of ITZ increasing, the tensile strength, fracture energy and ductility of concrete are enhanced. The fractured modes are altered. The concrete’s elastic modulus increases with the elastic modulus of ITZ. With the thickness of ITZ decreasing, the tensile strength, elastic modulus and fracture energy of concrete increase. The interface thickness effect on concrete is reduced.

Abstract:Vanadium dioxide coated glass (VO2 glass) is a promising thermochromic energy-saving glass. Its film can change phase at a certain temperature from the semiconductor into a metallic state, accompanied by changes in optical properties. The VO2 glass can intelligently adjust the solar radiation from the sunlight for the room, to achieve energy efficiency of the building. Use the national standards of architectural glass measuring, measure the visible transmittance, solar direct transmittance rate, the phase transition temperature, the thermal parameters of the emission rate, the visible reflectivity of VO2 glass. Collect the current parameters of VO2 glass and compare and analysis them with common energy-saving glass. Conclusions are that the VO2 glass is superior to some common energy-saving glass, but slightly weaker than Low-E glass. The advantages of VO2 glass are its phase transition function, a very weak reflection, the weak points are its lighting performance, insulation performance, the transmittance change range before and after the phase transition is a narrow which is the direction of development and improvement in the future.

Abstract:This study doing statistics of energy consumption and energy auditing of state organs buildings and large public building in Chongqing, then according to the buildings use function classification, analysis problems in energy management and give advices, provides theoretical foundation for establishing state organs buildings and large public building energy-saving system and improving level of building energy-saving management.

Abstract:New software for quantifying the systematical energy consumption, resources consumption and waste disposal information in road construction has been set up and was named as SEE-at-GRC (Systematical energy and environmental assessment tool for Green road construction). With help of this tool, the quantified contributions of recycling waste materials or modified materials in road construction as well as process improvement etc. on environmental impact can be evaluated by showing savings on energy consumption and resource consumption quantitatively; at the same time waste disposal capacity and environmental impacts were also provided. Two examples were given to shown the output of the software. Those results are useful for guiding the utilization of recycled waste materials, as well as for developing new technology process and advanced materials in road construction. Based on Visual Basic (VB) language and MSSQL database, SEE-at-GRC has provided a full set of evaluation methodology on energy saving, emission reduction and process optimization for guiding green road construction developing.

Abstract:Through the statistical analysis of analyzed the particularity of karst surrounding rock classification, finally obtained the rock classification index system of south karst highway tunnel construction based on rock strength, rock complete coefficient ,groundwater state, structural plane state the structural plane strike to tunnel influence, karst development to tunnel influence. And the model is applied to tianshengqiao tunnel and guanshang 2 tunnel with the example verification, and compared with the classification results and experts judgment to get the accuracy is 93.3%.

Abstract:There is enormous recyclable thermalenergy in public baths bath wastewater. In this paper， the energy saving effect of different heat recovery systems had been compared ， a heat recovery systems and some practical engineering problems are proposed，in which the sewage source heat pump works as the main equipment. Meanwhile as an example the paper made an economic analysis of the project，Proved that the operating costs could be substantially reduced by using the heat recovery systems and be worth to be promoted.

Abstract:In 《Building·Home·Thinking》, Heidegger sees the essence of building as dwelling, and dwelling is the unity of “one of the dead”, “sky”, “land” and “God”. While the building is to protect the united to make them preserved in its essence. Heidegger points out the fact that architectural technology alienation and the “rootless” status, which is embedded in forgetting “the significance of the existence”. However, the architectural thinking of starting point and the theme is “one of the poetic dwelling”, which means, as the starting point of the “mortals” locking up to degree of communication. Even, its “poetic dwelling” and “others” coexistence of conflict.If built symbolizes human existence , then , it is in the direction of poetic dwelling, at the same time, forgetting building activity occurred in the city-the historical background, so the “Earth” as the historical background in the search for meaning in the forgotten, thereby, the pursuit of the meaning of building still fundamentally is broken.

Abstract:This article classifies the buildings by the time before and after energy-saving standard executed, based on the investigation of energy consumption in government office buildings of Chongqing, and analyses the energy distribution characteristics of these buildings, in which factors like the building area、air-conditioning 、management system are taken into account .Finally we acquire the energy consumption characteristics in government office buildings of Chongqing.