心音信号的短时傅立叶变换分析
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TN911.72

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国家自然科学基金


Short-time fourier transform analysis of the phonocardiogram signal
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    摘要:

    心音信号是一种典型的非平稳信号,短时傅立叶变换(STFT,又称窗口傅立叶变换)是用于对非平稳信号进行时频分析的有效工具.在用STFT分析心音信号时,窗口宽度的选择是非常重要的.一方面,要使用尽可能窄的窗口来保证信号的局部平稳性,另一方面,要选用较宽的窗口来提高频率分辨率.如何处理这一矛盾就成了问题的关键.通过调整滑动时间窗的宽度,达到了比较满意的效果.首先用窄时间窗进行分析,频谱图具有高时间分辨率,得到了心动周期等时域特征参数.进而逐渐加宽时间窗,最后得到高频率分辨率的频谱图,可以看出各心音成分的频谱特征.实验结果表明,不同时频尺度的STFT分析可以很好地描述正常心音信号的时域和频域特征.

    Abstract:

    Heart sound is a highly nonstationary signal, and the Short-time Fourier Transform ation(STFT) is an effective method for this kind of signal to be analysed. Because of the nonstationarity of the phonocardiogram, it is important to maintain an analysing time window as short as possible to guaranty the stationarity hypothesis over small analysed segments. This will reduce the frequency resolution of the resulting spectrogram. However by adjusting the sliding time window, we can reach an acceptable result. The spectrogram is caculated by using first, short length sliding window to generate a temporal representation of the PCG, then longer length sliding window in order to generate a spectral representation of the PCG power. The resolution in such representations depend directly on the sliding window length. The temporal representation allows heart sounds and cardiac cycle durations to be measured. Whereas the spectrum, assuming a good frequency resolution, allows spectral characterization of each heart sound. The results we obtained on normal PCG signal show that the STFT analysis with different scale basis provides a clear comprehension of the cardiac events in both time and frequency domain.

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朱冰莲,杨磊.心音信号的短时傅立叶变换分析[J].重庆大学学报,2004,27(8):83-85104.

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