针对劣化绝缘子的电场法检测中绝缘子电场计算精度低的问题，提出基于遗传算法优化的模拟电荷法进行高压静电场计算，给出了优化方法原理、可行性分析，建立了绝缘子电场计算目标函数及优化模型，并进行了绝缘子串周围电场的计算分析。分析结果表明，将绝缘子串周围检测点电位作为目标函数，应用遗传算法优化模拟电荷的电荷量，可更好地对目标函数进行全局寻优，提高了模拟电荷法的寻优速度、绝缘子串周围电场的计算精度以及绝缘子串中劣质绝缘子诊断的准确度。

The defective insulator can be detected by measuring electric field, however, the electric field calculation accuracy of the insulator strings is low. Charge simulation method (CSM), which is optimized by genetic algorithm (GA), is adopted to calculate high voltage electrostatic field. The optimal method principle and feasibility analysis is given. The objective function and optimization model of electric field distribution around insulator strings are constructed and analyzed. The results of calculation and analysis demonstrate that adopting the potential of checkpoints near insulator strings as objective function and using GA to optimize the charge of simulation charge, better performance can be achieved for improving ability of global optimization, calculating precision, searching speed, simulating precision of CSM and accuracy of diagnosing defective insulator in the insulator strings.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(50877082，50877081);输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2007DA10512708304);国家大学生创新性实验项目(081061102)