为探索湿热预处理对餐厨垃圾高温干式厌氧消化的影响,在含固率为20%、发酵温度55℃的条件下进行厌氧发酵试验。采用L9(3³)正交试验设计,研究湿热预处理的加水率、温度、时间对餐厨垃圾干式厌氧消化产沼气的影响。结果表明:湿热处理后餐厨垃圾的理化性质有明显变化,日产气量、累积产气量以及TS和VS的去除率明显升高。当湿热预处理条件为加水率50%、温度120℃、时间80 min时,SCOD值最高,为101050 mg/L,比未处理时提高了5.6倍。同样,该条件下日产气量出现的两个产气峰值最高,累积产气量也最高,为269.10 ml/gVS,与未处理相比累积产气量提高49.4%。各因素对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产气量影响的主次关系为:温度>时间>加水率,处理温度和处理时间对产气量有显著性影响,加水率对产气量影响较弱。

Anaerobic fermentation tests were carried out with 20% solid content at the temperature of 55℃ to investigate the effect of hydrothermal pretreatment on thermophilic anaerobic digestion of food waste. Orthogonal test L9 (3³) was employed to determine the effects of water addition ratio, temperature and time. The results show that the physical and the chemical properties of food waste change significantly after hydrothermal treatment. The daily biogas production, the cumulative biogas production and the removal rates of TS and VS of food waste increase significantly after pretreatment. When the water addition ratio is 50%, temperature is 120℃ and pretreatment time is 80 min, we get 101 050 mg/L SCOD, which is 5.6 times of that of the untreated group. The peak values of daily and cumulative biogas production also reach the maximum under these pretreatment conditions. The maximum cumulative biogas production is 269.10 mL/g VS, which increases by 49.4% than that of the untreated group. The influences of the three factors on thermophilic anaerobic fermentation of food waste are temperature>time>water addition ratio. The effects of temperature and time of hydrothermal pretreatment on food waste fermentation are evident, while the effect of water addition ratio is less evident.

北京市自然科学基金资助项目(8144041);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51578008);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2014BAC27B01-03,2012BAC25B01)。