目前,各国以及CIE的隧道照明设计规范和标准在隧道照明研究中都只考虑隧道路面的亮度或者照度水平,对于色温、显色性和光谱分布等因素对视觉效果的影响考虑不足,导致对隧道照明质量的评价不够科学。笔者从隧道照明光源光色对于驾驶员视觉功效的影响出发,选择两个隧道进行了小目标识别现场实验和不同色温反应时间测试实验,分析了驾驶员视觉功效受隧道照明光源的显色性和色温的影响情况。结果表明:隧道照明光源显色指数越高,驾驶员的视觉功效越好;对于光谱能量分布相似的光源,背景亮度相同时,含有短波成分多的光源照明效果更好,驾驶员的视觉功效也更好。

Brightness and illuminance level are the only factors to be considered in the present tunnel lighting specifications and standards of CIE and countries all over the world, but color temperature, color rendering index and light spectrum distribution can also influence visual effect. We selected two tunnels to carry out a small target identification experiment and a color temperature reaction time test, and then analyzed the effect of tunnel lighting CRI (color rendering index) and CT (color temperature) on the driver's visual performance. The outcome shows that the bigger the CRI, the better the driver's visual performance is. For light sources with the similar spectral energy distribution, when the background brightness is the same, the more short waves in the light sources, the better the visual performance is.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(51278507);广东省交通运输厅科技项目(科技-2012-04-11)。