The type of dehydration tube is one of the key factors influencing the dehydration technology of filling. This paper designs a new dehydration tube based on the analysis of the water absorption model of plant roots and its related test devices. The dehydration efficiency and the dehydration law of the new dehydration tube for unclassified tailings non-cemented filling are studied. The test results show that the root-like design of the dehydration tube can increase the water passing area and reduce the seepage distance of the dehydration tube. Compared with the ordinary dehydration tube, the new type reduces the dehydration time by 20%, and the cumulative dehydration volume increases by 10.3%. Using the tailing loss to evaluate the dehydration effect of dehydration tube, the new type of dehydration tube has a 45% reduction in tailing loss compared with the conventional dehydrating tube. The dehydration process of the unclassified tailings non-cemented filling can be divided into 2 zones, i.e. rapid and steady flow zones, and the rapid flow zone is the key for the improved dehydration efficiency of the new type pipe. Another important factor for the improved dehydration efficiency is the large number of uniformly distributed pore water-conducting zones formed on the unclassified tailings non-cemented filling and the inner surface of the test device.