以某采空区岩体粗糙裂隙为研究对象，基于有限元软件COMSOL Multiphysics 构建了三维粗糙单裂隙注浆模型，分析岩体裂隙中的浆液流动规律，研究了不同的裂隙面粗糙度、开度、注浆压力、裂隙倾角及浆液黏度影响的浆液扩散机理。结果表明，裂隙面粗糙度影响浆液的扩散面轮廓，粗糙度越大，浆液扩散阻力越大，浆液扩散各向异性越强；注浆速率与开度为二次多项式关系，裂隙开度越大，注浆速率的损失越小；注浆压力对浆液扩散轮廓的影响较弱，但改变了浆液的扩散半径，且注浆压力与扩散半径为正相关、与注浆速率呈二次多项式关系，注浆压力越大，注浆速率的损耗越低；浆液黏度并不影响其扩散的各向异性，仅改变浆液扩散的范围。研究成果表明了采空区粗糙裂隙中的浆液扩散机理，为采空区注浆范围的预测及加固决策提供了理论支持。

This study presents a 3D rough fracture grouting model on an engineering scale, specifically investigating the diffusion mechanism of slurry under different fracture surface roughness, openness, grouting pressure, fracture inclination, and slurry viscosity in fractured rock bodies. Using the software COMSOL Multiphysics, the study examines the slurry flow law within the fractures. It is observed that the profile of the slurry diffusion surface is influenced by the roughness of the fracture surface. A rough fracture surface hinders slurry diffusion and is a key cause of anisotropy in slurry diffusion. Furthermore, a quadratic polynomial relationship is identified between the grouting rate and the degree of opening. Large fracture opening results in smaller losses in grouting rate. Injection pressure is found to weakly affect the slurry diffusion profile, mainly changing the diffusion radius of the slurry. There is a positive correlation between injection pressure and diffusion radius, with a quadratic polynomial relationship with injection rate. Higher injection pressure leads to lower loss in injection rate. The effect of slurry viscosity on the slurry diffusion pattern depends on the range of viscosities, primarily changing the range of slurry diffusion. This study sheds light on the slurry diffusion pattern in rough fissures and provides a theoretical basis for grouting prediction and management in extraction area.

TU391

山西省交通新技术发展有限公司资助项目(SXJTJS-02040-2022-第9号)；国家自然科学基金资助项目(52279094）；重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0069)。