According to climatic characteristics of the hot summer and cold winter zone, P. R. China, a physical model and a mathematic model were created by using the methods to calculate characteristics of materials and wall construction, considered different forms of interior and exterior insulation, different thickness of insulation, different materials of insulation and different forms of the main wall. Thermal performance of different types of wall was analyzed with the software Fluent, to compare the interior and exterior surface temperature. The results of simulation have shown that with the effect of the same continuous temperature-wave, there are basically irrelative between the external surface average temperature and wall constructions. Under the same index of thermal inertia and heat transmission coefficient, but different insulation-form, exterior insulation has more attenuation，longer delay time，less fluctuations of interior surface temperature, stronger resistance against wave changes in outdoor temperature and better thermal stability，compared with interior insulation. Under the same main wall material, but different insulation materials, it shows heat transfer coefficient and thermal inertia can’t be used to value the effect of thermal insulation comprehensively, more temperature attenuation, better energy-saving materials performance.