当尾矿在传统脱水工艺条件下仍达不到预期浓度,添加外加剂是实现二次快速脱水的有效手段。针对某铜尾矿较细、泌水能力差,经过深锥浓密机脱水后浓度仍不达标的问题,通过添加A型外加剂、B型外加剂进行二次脱水实验,并以不添加外加剂作为对照。实验结果表明：添加外加剂的料浆1h、2h泌水量明显大于不添加外加剂的料浆,随着泌水时间的增加,4h时添加与不添加外加剂的料浆泌水量基本持平。通过三种情况下脱水质量分数与脱水时间回归方程,获得了浓缩尾矿二次脱水数学模型,即二次脱水质量分数与脱水时间呈 指数函数关系。最后,分析了外加剂对尾矿快速脱水和结构强化机理,外加剂不仅可以快速提高尾矿脱水浓度,同时可增加尾矿稳定性,具有潜在工程应用价值。

When the tailings still do not reach the expected concentration under the traditional dewatering process conditions, the addition of admixture is an effective means to achieve secondary rapid dewatering. For the problem that the copper ore tailings are fine and the bleeding ability is poor, and the concentration is still not up to standard after dewatering by the deep cone thickener, the secondary dewatering experiment is carried out by adding the A-type admixture and the B-type admixture, and the admixture is not added as the control. The experimental results showed that the bleeding amount of slurry with admixture was significantly greater than that without admixture for 1h and 2h. With the increase of bleeding time, the bleeding amount of slurry with admixture and without admixture was basically equal at 4h. Through the regression equation of dewatering mass fraction and dewatering time in three cases, the mathematical model of secondary dewatering of concentrated tailings was obtained, the relationship between the secondary dewatering mass fraction and the dewatering time is exponential function. Finally, the mechanism of rapid dewatering and structural strengthening of tailings by admixture was analyzed. The admixture not only increased the dewatering concentration of tailings, but also increased the stability of tailings, which has potential engineering application value.

国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0603705) ; 国家自然科学基金(51804015)