在碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料中,碳纤维(CF)与热塑性树脂基体间的界面强弱对其整体力学性能有巨大的影响。为改善碳纤维(CF)与聚酰胺6(PA6)的界面性能,利用多巴胺(DA)的聚合与粘附特性,将纳米相四氧化三铁(Fe₃O₄)引入到CF表面进行协同修饰,通过简单的浸渍共沉积,利用DA的氧化自聚合在CF表面构建聚多巴胺/纳米四氧化三铁(PDA/Fe₃O₄)涂层。对CF改性前后表面微观结构与化学特性进行了表征,结果表明PDA/Fe₃O₄上浆剂能够显著提高CF表面的粗糙度与化学活性,加强纤维与树脂基体的机械啮合作用与化学相互作用。与未改性CF/PA6复合材料相比,制备得到的改性CF/PA6复合材料表现出优异的力学性能,其弯曲强度、层间剪切强度分别提高了30.8%和29.1%。

In carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTP), the strength of the interface between the carbon fiber (CF) and the thermoplastic resin matrix has a tremendous impact on its overall mechanical properties. In order to improve the interface between carbon fiber (CF) and polyamide 6 (PA6), nano-sized Fe3O4 was introduced to the CF surface for synergistic modification by using the polymerization and adhesion characteristics of dopamine (DA). Through simple immersion co-deposition, the poly-dopamine/nano-Fe3O4 coating was constructed on the CF surface by oxidative self-polymerization of DA. The microstructure and chemical characteristics of CF surface before and after modification were characterized. The results showed that adding PDA/Fe3O4 sizing agent could significantly improve the roughness and chemical activity of CF surface, and strengthen the mechanical engagement and chemical interaction between fiber and resin matrix. Compared with unmodified CF/PA6 composites, the prepared modified CF/PA6 composites showed excellent mechanical properties, and their bending strength and interlaminar shear strength increased by 30.8% and 29.1%.

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热塑性超混杂复合材料汽车零部件的材料•结构设计及成型工艺研究