Overhead ground wire icing is one of the main threats to the reliable operation of power grid in winter. Based on the electric pulse deicing technology, this paper proposes to use the peak value and impulse of the electric pulse force as the basis for the selection of the pulse coil form of the electric pulse deicing device, and establish a numerical calculation model of the electric pulse force of the de-icer. Five types of coils are designed according to the numerical calculation model for the ground line, and the simulation analysis of the magnetic density, eddy current size, electric pulse force waveform and distribution characteristics of the de-icer under different forms. The de-icing experiments of different forms of electric pulse de-icing devices were carried out under artificial and natural icing conditions, and the de-icing length of the ground wire was measured, The results show that the experiment proves that the average error of the pulse force calculation model is less than 5%. The peak electric pulse force and impulse volume of the flat coil are 1.4 times higher than those of the circular coil. The de-icing efficiency of the artificial mixed-song icing plate de-icing device is 3.1 times that of the arc de-icing device. The maximum de-icing length of square coil de-icer is 4.2 m when freezing rain, and the maximum de-icing length of cake coil de-icer is 2.73 m. These results prove the feasibility of further optimizing the flat plate deicer and conducting research on long span multi pulse system deicing in the future.