传统的转子位置检测方案是将霍尔传感器安装在电机定子上或底部,通过检测气隙磁场或永磁体漏磁来计算转子位置。然而电枢反应对于位置检测精度有很大的影响。因此提出将霍尔传感器安装在外转子永磁同步电机(PMSM)外的印刷电路板(PCB)上,电机的永磁体略高于转子磁轭,通过检测永磁体的磁场来检测转子位置,电机外的永磁体磁场几乎不受电枢反应的影响。理论与实验分析发现,霍尔传感器以90°的间隔安装在PCB上时,输出的两路霍尔信号基波相位非正交,导致转子位置出现误差。针对此问题,分析得当两个霍尔传感器以90°?Pr/(Pr+1)的间隔安装在PCB上时,基波相位相正交。然后基于ANSYS Maxwell有限元仿真以及电机实物实验验证了理论分析的正确性,同时也验证了该位置检测方案的可行性。

The traditional rotor position detection scheme is to mount Hall sensors on the motor stator or at the bottom of the motor, and calculate the rotor position by detecting the air gap magnetic field or permanent magnet leakage. However, armature reaction has great influence on the accuracy of rotor position detection. Thus, it is proposed to mount the Hall sensor on the printed circuit boards (PCB) outside the external rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The permanent magnet of the motor is slightly higher than the rotor yoke, and the rotor position is detected by detecting the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, which is almost unaffected by the armature reaction. Theoretical and experimental analysis found that when the Hall sensors are mounted on the PCB at an interval of 90°, the fundamental wave phase of the two Hall signals is not orthogonal, resulting in an error in the rotor position. To address this problem, it is analyzed that the fundamental wave phase is orthogonal when two Hall sensors are mounted on the PCB at an interval of 90°?Pr/(Pr+1). Then the correctness of the theoretical analysis is verified based on ANSYS Maxwell finite element simulation as well as the physical experiment of the motor, and the feasibility of the position detection scheme is also verified.

国家自然科学基金,国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）