交流励磁电机具有变速恒频与稳态功率解耦的优点,在抽水蓄能、飞轮储能等场景应用具有显著优势,然而上述场景往往要求大惯量负载下交流励磁电机具备安全紧急制动能力,传统机械制动策略难以直接应用,提出大惯量负载下交流励磁电机柔性制动策略及控制参数优化方法。首先,结合交流励磁电机转子结构特点,提出转子侧接直流励磁电源,定子侧接多级电阻的柔性制动策略,推导其制动工况下等效电路。其次,建立以多级制动电阻、转子励磁电流、电阻切换时转速为变量,以电机性能和制动电阻功率为约束,最短制动时间为目标的制动参数优化模型,并采用遗传算法对模型进行求解；最后,通过Matlab/Simulink仿真对多级电阻制动效果与影响因素进行分析,并搭建7kW交流励磁电机实物测试平台进行验证。结果表明,采用多级电阻柔性制动策略能有效减少制动时间,控制参数优化可以实现系统功率约束下最短制动时间,兼顾制动效果与制动装置经济性。

AC excitation motors have the advantages of constant frequency in variable speed and power decoupling in steady-state, which have significant advantages in applications such as pumped storage and flywheel energy storage. However, the above scenarios require motors have ability to brake in emergency with large inertia load, and the traditional mechanical braking strategies don’t satisfy the requirements. A flexible braking strategy and control parameter optimization method are proposed for motors with large inertia load. Firstly, based on the structural characteristics of rotor, flexible braking strategy is proposed that the rotor connect to DC excitation power and the stator connect to multi-stage resistors, then derive the equivalent circuit in braking procedure. Secondly, establish braking parameter optimization model with multi-stage braking resistance, rotor excitation current, and speed of switching resistance as variables, rated motor parameters and braking resistance power as constraints, and the shortest braking time as the objective, then use genetic algorithm to solve the model. Finally, analyze the multi-stage resistance braking results and influencing factors through Matlab/Simulink simulation, and establish 7kW AC excitation motor platform to verify the simulation results. The results show that adopting multi-stage resistance flexible braking strategy can effectively reduce braking time, and optimizing braking parameters can achieve the shortest braking time and satisfy system power constraints, while balancing braking effectiveness and the economy of braking device.

TM346???????

国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）