为研究近岸处风参数的分布特性,基于CFD(computational fluid dynamics)技术,建立了二维几何模型,针对二维风作用在平静水面情况,采用SST k-ω湍流模型以及多相流模型对其风参数的分布特性进行了数值模拟,开展了发展距离、水深、来流风速以及水底地形的坡度变化对风参数分布特征的变化特性分析。结果表明：当发展距离在60m以内时,风速在距离水面较近处大于入口风速,呈现加速现象；当超过60m后,风速随着位置高度的增加而增加,达到一定高度后,速度大小保持不变；坡度变化对风参数的分布特征无影响；水深对风参数特征有着很强的相关性,水深的增加会导致梯度风高度呈现非线性增加,同时对风速有着较大的影响；入口风速大小对梯度风高度以及风结构形式无影响,但会影响距离入口较近处的加速效果。

To study the distribution characteristics of wind parameters near the shore, a two-dimensional geometric model is established based on CFD (computational fluid dynamics) technology. Because of the two-dimensional wind action on a calm water surface, the SST k-ω turbulence model and multiphase flow model are adopted to numerically simulate the distribution characteristics of wind parameters. The changes in development distance, water depth, incoming wind speed, and slope of underwater terrain on the distribution characteristics of wind parameters are analyzed. The results show that when the development distance is less than 60m, the wind speed near the water surface is larger than the inlet wind speed, showing an accelerating phenomenon. When the wind speed exceeds 60m, the wind speed increases with the increase of the position height, and the speed remains unchanged after reaching a certain height. The variation of slope does not affect the distribution characteristics of wind parameters. Water depth has a strong correlation with wind parameter characteristics. The increase in water depth will lead to a nonlinear increase in gradient wind height and has a great influence on wind speed. The inlet wind speed does not affect the gradient wind height and wind structure but will affect the acceleration effect near the inlet. The change of wind attack Angle has a strong correlation with inlet wind speed and water depth. With the increase of wind speed, the change of wind attack Angle is more obvious. Generally, when the wind speed increases, the wind attack Angle will change greatly.

O357.5

国家自然科学基金面上项目(51978077);