随着对海洋资源需求的不断增长，高效准确的水下探测技术变得尤为关键。传统的水下探测方法各有其优势，但在复杂黑暗的水下环境中常受限。而水下主动电场探测技术在这种环境中具有独特的优势。本文提出了一种基于主动电场的可控阵列收发一体化成像探测方式，旨在克服现有技术的局限，提高水下探测的效率和准确性。该方式通过动态调整阵列中的发射和接收点，精细控制电流场，处理接收信号实现对水下物体的高效成像。本研究对阵列接收点场强和障碍物电场扰动计算方法进行了理论分析，并通过仿真实验比较了两类电极排列方式对成像效果的影响。实验结果显示，中心对称排列方式在探测方面具有更优性能，为提高水下探测效率和准确性提供了新的技术视角。

As the demand for marine resources continues to grow, efficient and accurate underwater detection techniques have become particularly critical. Traditional detection methods have their own advantages, but they are often limited in complex and dark underwater environments. Underwater active electric field detection technology has unique advantages in this environment. In this paper, a controlled array transceiver-integrated imaging detection method based on active electric field is proposed, aiming to overcome the limitations of the existing technology and improve the efficiency and accuracy of underwater detection. The approach achieves efficient imaging of underwater objects by dynamically adjusting the transmitting and receiving points in the array, finely controlling the current field, and processing the received signals. In this study, the theoretical analysis of the calculation method of the field strength at the receiving point of the array and the electric field perturbation of the obstacle is carried out, and the effects of the two types of electrode arrangements on the imaging effect are compared by simulation experiments. The experimental results show that the centrosymmetric arrangement has better performance in detection, which provides a new technical perspective for improving the efficiency and accuracy of underwater detection.

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国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）