架空输电线路是电力系统中典型的电能传输途径和载体，对“西电东送”和“双碳”国家战略的落地起到关键支撑作用。导线作为架空输电线路中的重要组成部分，其性能优劣直接决定了架空输电线路电力传输能力的强弱。为满足电能高质量输送和野外复杂环境的需要，架空导线线路导线在材料组成和结构设计方面进行了不断的革新和优化。本文针对国内外架空输电线路导线的类型、运行参数及应用情况等进行了总结，对不同类型导线的技术短板与瓶颈问题进行了分析。进一步针对架空导线的国内外标准进行了归纳和对比，并参照国内输电线路工程实际分析了不同类型架空输电线路导线的使用情况，最后，针对目前架空输电线路导线的使用现状和瓶颈问题进行了总结，并提出架空输电线路导线未来的技术发展方向及趋势。

Overhead transmission lines are a typical means of electric energy transmission within power systems, playing a crucial supporting role in the implementation of national strategies such as “West-to-East Power Transmission” and the “Dual Carbon” initiative. As a key component of overhead transmission lines, the performance of conductors directly influences the power transmission capacity ?of these lines. To meet the demands for high-quality energy delivery and to adapt to complex outdoor environments, ongoing innovations and optimizations in material composition and structural design of overhead transmission line conductors have been pursued. This paper summarizes the types, operational parameters, and applications of overhead transmission line conductors both domestically and internationally. It analyzes the technical shortcomings and bottlenecks of various conductor types, further providing a comparative overview of domestic and international standards for overhead conductors. Additionally, the paper examines the usage of different types of overhead transmission line conductors based on practical analyses of domestic transmission line engineering. Finally, it concludes with a summary of the current status and bottlenecks of overhead transmission line conductors, while proposing future technological development directions and trends in this field.

TM726.3

国家电网公司科技项目(52209624000G)