The close relationship between stress and cell is summarized. Literatures at home and abroad are inspected. Biochemical reaction cause for stress acting on cell and changes of cytoskeleton signal transduction, correlation gene expression,are reviewed. Then, some gene expression changes induced by stress is systematically enumerated, such as immediate gene productions, cellular factors, enzymes, extracellular matrix molecules,etc. Finally, aiming at cellular stress response, some problems in the area are put forwarded, the molecular mechanism of stress and cellular response is expected to gain a step progress, and thoughts are offered to settle the physio-pathology changes of organism caused by stress.