We presented herein a communication theoretical model which used the translation of gene expression. Based on the minimum Hamming distance decoding, the processing of the expression efficiency of prokaryotic DNA was analyzed and simulated when the ribosome 16S RNA mutate. The results showed prokaryotes could correct the DNA based on the ribosome 16S RNA. It was demonstrated that the communications coding theory in the analysis of the genetic information transfer of prokaryotes was efficient.