Existing genetic ant colony algorithm has the problem of poor integration and prone to congestion. In response to this phenomenon, this article put forward an efficient combination of genetic ant colony algorithm based on the advantages of different periods of the genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm. The algorithm proposes a new fusion mechanism on the basis of the consideration relationship of the genetic algorithm groups. And an anti-congestion reward and punishment mechanism is introduced to alleviate the load pressure of the system nodes. The experimental results show that the algorithm can guarantee the efficiency of the system transmission, at the same time it can effectively prevent data packet loss. Compared with the traditional algorithm, it has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy and anti-dropout.