响应面法探究花生壳炭吸附水中镍离子的最优改性条件
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TQ424.1

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重庆市技术创新与应用示范(社会民生类)一般项目(cstc2018jscx-msybX0308)。


Response surface methodology study on optimal modification conditions for Ni(Ⅱ) adsorption in the water by peanut shell carbon
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    摘要:

    为提高对水中镍离子的去除效率,获得高效且成本低廉的吸附材料,以废弃的花生壳为原料自制花生壳炭,并用高锰酸钾和氢氧化钾对其进行改性。利用Box-Behnken中心组合设计实验,采用响应面法得到花生壳炭吸附镍离子的最优改性条件。通过SEM、BET等分析方法对改性前后的花生壳炭进行表征,了解其形貌与结构的变化,并对吸附反应前后的改性花生壳炭进行FTIR分析,初步探讨其对Ni(Ⅱ)的吸附机理。结果表明,最优的改性条件为:热处理温度361℃,氢氧化钾与炭的质量比2.5,高锰酸钾的质量浓度0.76%。用该条件下改性的花生壳炭吸附水中的镍离子,得到的吸附量为85.02 mg/g,是改性前的15.6倍,吸附性能优越,具有良好的实用价值。FTIR结果表明-OH、-NH2是参与吸附反应的主要官能团,与Ni(Ⅱ)发生共沉淀与络合反应。除此之外,阳离子-π作用也是改性花生壳炭对Ni(Ⅱ)的吸附机制之一。

    Abstract:

    To improve the removal efficiency of nickel in the water and obtain a kind of adsorbent with low-cost and high efficiency, peanut shell carbon derived from waste peanut shell was produced and modified by potassium permanganate(KMnO4) and potassium(KOH). Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology were used to optimize the modification conditions of the carbon. SEM and BET were employed to characterize the morphological and structural changes of the peanut shell carbon before and after the modification. The modified peanut shell carbon before and after Ni(Ⅱ) adsorption was analyzed by FTIR to preliminarily discuss its adsorption mechanism. The results show that the best modification conditions are:temperature 361℃, the mass ratio of KOH to carbon 2.5 and the concentration of KMnO4 0.76%. Under these best modification conditions, the maximum adsorption capacity of nickel is 85.02 mg/g, which is 15.6 times higher than that of the carbon without modification, proving its superior adsorption performance and pragmatic value. The results of FTIR show that -OH and -NH2 are the main functional groups in the Ni(Ⅱ) adsorption process and they participate in the co-precipitation and complexation reactions with Ni(Ⅱ). Besides, the effect of cation-π is also one of the adsorption mechanisms of modified peanut shell carbon to Ni(Ⅱ).

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安强,蒋韵秋,吴丹青,陈泫冰.响应面法探究花生壳炭吸附水中镍离子的最优改性条件[J].重庆大学学报,2018,41(12):46-54.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-01
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-12-27
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