文章分析了目前大部分高校对学生采取终结性考核方式存在的一些弊端,包括：考试目的模糊、考试内容片面、考试方式单调、考试过程松散、滋生考试舞弊等几个方面。在此基础上分析了形成性考核的重要意义,它有利于全面评价学生能力,有利于培养学生的创新意识和实践能力,同时,对于教师教学水平的提高有一定的促进作用。对如何开展形成性考核,文章提出了一个评价体系,根据不同的课程性质,其评价体系是不同的。对于纯理论课,其评价体系可以从课堂提问、课后讨论、笔记抽查、作业论文、考勤、考试等几个方面进行;对于包含实践内容的课程,则还需对

Using the summative assessment in the teaching has some shortcomings, including the fuzzy testing goal, the monotonous testing content, the loose test process and the cheating in the exam. The importance of formative assessment was analyzed. It is conducive to the comprehensive assessment of students’ abilities and is useful to cultivate students’ innovative consciousness and practical ability. The formative assessment can improve the teaching effect. According to different curriculum characters, the evaluation system of formative assessment was proposed in the paper. For the theory course, the evaluation system includes classroom questions, discussions, notes, working papers, attendance and examination. For the course including practice content, the evaluation system should also include the practice part.

2010年湖南省普通高校教学改革研究项目“力学类课程‘形成性考核’评价体系的构建与实践研究”(湘教通［2010］243号)