结构类课程是土木工程专业课程的重要组成部分,因其综合性强、涉及知识面广并与实际密切结合而成为教学的重点和难点。在中国高校土木工程专业本科培养方案中,该类课程的设置与教学不利于培养应用型和复合型人才,具体表现在课程设置重合、重构件而轻结构、重理论而轻应用以及重技能而轻人文。文章以美国加利福尼亚州的著名私立大学——南加州大学为例,从课程体系、教学理念、教学方法和实践环节等多个层面探讨了美国高校该类课程设置的特色与优点,提出了适合中国国情的教学改革方案。

Structural system design courses are important while difficult for both the lecturers and students in the major of civil engineering due to the complexity, wide scope and profound connection with engineering practice of those courses. Unfortunately, the educational objectives of these courses can be hardly fulfilled due to the poor configuration in terms of effectiveness and completion of these courses. Contents of some courses overlap. Emphases of teaching are partially put on structural elements instead of system, theories instead of application and skills instead on professionalism. This paper takes the University of Southern California as the example and introduces several characteristics and merits in the course configuration, teaching philosophy and methods and application practice of structural design courses in American universities. Based on a comparative study, suggestions are make for the improvement of the teaching of the structural system design courses in China.

2009年重庆大学大类系列课程建设项目“大土木类结构系列课程建设”