在混凝土结构课程学习中，学生往往因为对锚固长度概念的理解不足而对保证钢筋混凝土梁抗弯承载力的各项构造措施产生疑惑。文章首先通过理论模型导出钢筋锚固长度的计算公式，再根据锚固区钢筋中的实际应力水平确定钢筋混凝土梁的抗弯承载力，并绘制相应的抵抗弯矩图，进而分析支座处钢筋的锚固长度、负弯矩区纵向受力钢筋的切断点位置，澄清了教学中对此问题的模糊认识，有利于加深学生对钢筋锚固长度以及混凝土结构中与之相关构造措施的理解。

In the study of concrete structures course for civil engineering, it is usually tough for students to understand the construction measures to guarantee the bending bearing capacity of a reinforced concrete beam without the basic idea about the anchorage of steel bars in concrete. In this paper, a simplified theoretical model to determine the anchorage and development length of steel bars in concrete was proposed first. Then the bending bearing capacity of a reinforced concrete beam was analyzed and the moment-resistance diagram was set up which has been wrongly described in most text books recently in China. Finally, the construction measures, such as the anchorage length of longitudinal steel bars inside a support for a simply supported reinforced concrete beam and the cut-off points of longitudinal steel bars in the negative moment area of a reinforced concrete beam, were explained in detail based on the idea of anchorage of steel bars in concrete. Teaching experiences in Tongji University show that the basic concept of anchorage and the methodology to relate the anchorage to the bearing capacity of concrete beams logically can help students to understand the complicated construction measures of reinforced concrete beams clearly.

国家级精品课程混凝土结构基本原理及上海市重点课程建筑混凝土结构设计资助