实验教学是培养学生工程素质最直接有效的环节。但是，目前中国较多高校的实验教学体系与培养目标相比还存在较大的差距。从实验课程教学的实际出发，分析了专业课程实验的特点，即知识结构的综合性、实验项目和授课时段的零散性、实验课教学模式和学习方式的特殊性。针对专业课程实验教学的现状，提出了整合实验体系、改革实验教学方法、加强实验室软硬件设施建设、注重实验教师素质培养、量化实验考核标准、开放实验资源等一系列具体改革措施，从而有效激发学生对实验课程的学习兴趣，增强学生的动手能力，引导学生的创新思维，为国家建设培养高质量的工程应用型人才。

Experimental teaching is the most direct and effective method to cultivate students’engineering quality. However, there is a big disparity between our current experiment teaching system and our teaching target. According to the experiment teaching practice, the characters of major experiment course are analyzed, such as the comprehensiveness of the knowledge’s structure, the dispersion of the experiment projects and the teaching time, and the particularity of the teaching model and study styles. According to the condition of the major experiment course, some measures such as optimizing the experiment system, reforming experiment teaching methods, reinforcing the laboratory software and hardware building, paying attention to the experiment teachers’ quality cultivation, quantifying the standard of experiment test and opening the experiment resource are brought forward. Thus, exciting students’interest effectively in study the experimental course, developing students’ ability to carry out the experiment and lead the students into innovative thinking, and training high quality engineering applied talents for national construction.

土木工程专业实验教学改革的研究与实践（1141）；土木工程专业应用型本科人才培养模式改革创新研究（1203）；工科大学生实践能力培养机制研究（1131）