实践教学是大学本科教育的重要组成部分，是培养学生综合能力最重要的环节之一，特别是对工程实践能力有特殊要求的土木工程专业。文章介绍了日本东京大学、京都大学、东京工业大学三所著名高校土木工程专业的实践教学课程体系设置，通过分析其实践课程体系的特点以及实践课程在日本高等教育中的地位和作用，总结日本高校实践教学体系的独特之处，以期为中国高校土木工程专业实践教学改革和卓越工程师教育培养计划的有效实施提供可借鉴的经验。

Practical education is an important part of undergraduate education, and one of the most important part to cultivate students' comprehensive ability, especially for the major of Civil Engineering, for which the requirement of practical ability is relatively high. The practical education of three famous universities in Japan, e.g. University of Tokyo, Kyoto University, and Tokyo Institute of Technology, were introduced here. The characteristics of the practical education systems and the role of practical education in the curriculum were discussed. Based on the discussion, the advantages of the practical education system in the universities of Japan would be summarized. And it would provide some useful information for the practical education reforms in China and the effective implementation of the outstanding engineer education program.

住建部高等教育教学改革卓越工程师计划项目（2013036）；辽宁省普通高校本科教学改革项目；大连理工大学教育教学改革基金项目（MS201536，jg2015025，MS201538，JC2016016）