Course system is the core carrier of achieving talents training goals. Human geography and urban-rural planning is a new profession split from the original environment resource and management of urban-rural planning, and construction, evaluation and optimization of its course system has the urgency and importance. Based on systematical carding and evaluation of related literature, this article tracked and analyzed the implementation of course system of human geography and urban-rural planning in the University of Jinan, and looked for prominent problems; and then proposed a framework of strategies for course system optimization combining with the mode and mechanism of professional development on the view of applied talents training, to provide effective reference for professional development in related colleges and universities.