With the popularization of the Internet and changes in the needs of the public, the popular science media has also been innovating with the changes of the times. From popular science to public understanding of science and science communication, science popularization as a practice to enhance public scientific literacy has changed the medium of its dissemination. From the perspective of audience needs of science communication, that is, from the perspective of people's needs, this paper sheds light on the changes of media in the historical evolution of science popularization, clarifies the changes in the audience needs based on different stages of communication, and thus triggers changes in the media; then it analyzes the necessary of new media platform being a new medium for scientific communication. At the same time, the paper analyzes the current issues related to science communication under the new media platform based on audiences' needs, and proposes corresponding countermeasures for the problems.