Most colleges and universities in China actively promote the employment competitiveness of construction graduate students under the background of "double first-class" to adapt to the increasingly severe employment pressure, but the traditional training mode still has some problems, such as insufficient innovation ability and lack of practice. Systematically analyzing the existing training and management mode of architectural postgraduates in universities with a double first-class background, combined with the concept of multiple collaboration, this paper proposes to build a "five-in-one" architecture graduate student innovative training model combining the five units of "optimized teaching mode + vertical scientific research topics + discipline competition + horizontal practice projects + industry-university-research practical platform". The connection of school, college, research team and instructors should be strengthened to ensure the orderly progress of various teaching and scientific research tasks and the effectiveness of student management. In these ways, we can cultivate architectural postgraduates with strong innovation ability and a certain basis of design practice, so as to finally improve their comprehensive professional ability.