Postgraduate education is the highest level of national education, which plays an important role in the economic development and social construction. It is an urgent requirement for postgraduate education in the new era to accelerate the high-quality development of postgraduate education. Taking the School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering of China University of Mining and Technology as an example, based on the enrollment and training results of master students during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the authors first analyze the main problems that restrict the high-quality development of master’s education in this school: the proportion of high-quality graduate students is relatively low; the overall training quality of postgraduate students is not high; the education level of professional degree master students needs to be improved; the construction of tutor team for master students needs to be further strengthened; the quality assurance system of postgraduate education is not perfect. Then, from five aspects of mechanism innovation, process control, mode reform, team building and management optimization, the authors put forward countermeasures to accelerate the high-quality development of postgraduate education. The first is to innovate the working mechanism and improve the quality of graduate students, including innovate the methods of introducing high-quality students, and support the school to cultivate high-quality students in various forms at the undergraduate stage; give full play to the main publicity role of school leaders, department cadres, tutors, counselors and head teachers in postgraduate enrollment; optimize the mechanism of postgraduate enrollment and selection; attract students through postgraduate forums, summer schools, practice competitions and other forms. The second is to strengthen process control and improve the quality of postgraduate training, including establish a quality assurance and monitoring system based on the whole process and all-round data collection and analysis; pay attention to process control to ensure the quality of postgraduate training process. The third is to reform the training mode and improve the quality of graduate education, including strengthen the discipline orientation and establish a system of cultivating graduate students according to the category of first-class disciplines/professional degrees; improve the early warning mechanism for graduate degrees and the diversion policy; strengthen the construction of postgraduate curriculum system and improve the quality of postgraduate teaching. The fourth is to strengthen the team building and improve the quality of postgraduate tutors, including establish an annual review and dynamic adjustment system for the recruitment qualification of tutors to break the lifelong system; strengthen post training and establish a normalized system of tutor training; standardize the number of tutors enrolled and optimize the allocation of postgraduate enrollment indicators. The fifth is to optimize the management mode and improve the quality of postgraduate security, including clarify the division of functions and improving the management framework of postgraduate education; coordinate funding resources and improve the differentiated investment mechanism for graduate education.